Shared Flashcard Set

Details

GI Locas
Good luck
39
Medical
Undergraduate 4
06/20/2017

Additional Medical Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
difference between mid inguinal point and midpoint of inguinal ligament
Definition
mid inguinal point is between ASIS and pubic symphysis: where femoral artery crosses into lower limb

midpoint of the inguinal ligament is between ASIS and pubic tubercle where the deep ring of the inguinal hernia is found
Term
contents of inguinal canal in males and females?
Definition
males: spermatic cord and illioinguinal nerve
females: round ligament and illioinguinal nerve
Term
femoral artery is found at which point?
Definition
mid inguinal pint between ASIS and PS
Term
deep ring is found where?
superficial ring found where?
Definition
deep ring at midpoint of inguinal ligament between PT and ASIS

superficial ring: superior and medial to PT
Term
what kind of hernia can result from failure of the closure of processes vaginals?
Definition
indirect hernia
Term
which type of hernia can be controlled by applying pressure over the deep inguinal ring?
Definition
indirect hernia
Term
which hernia occurs below and lateral to pubic tubercle?

which hernia occurs above and medial to pubic tubercle?
Definition
femoral: below and lateral to PT
inguinal: above and medial to PT
Term
where would you find a psoas absess in relation to the femoral artery?
Definition
lateral to the femoral artery
Term
there is a hard swelling lateral to the femoral artery and panful when pressed. it is not a psoas absess, what are you thinking?
Definition
femoral neurofibroma
Term
at mid inguinal point you will find the femoral artery which canal does it come out of? obturator canal
Definition
Term
causes of chronic liver disease?
Definition
alcohol
NFALD
viral hepatitis
AI hepatitis
metabolic: heamachormatosis
Term
in cirrhosis the liver is not often palpable because it shrink. what is a common finding?
Definition
splenomegaly
Term
long term management of liver disease?
Definition
treat the cause if possible
nutrition and avoid alcohol

6 month afp
USS for thrombus, reversed portal flow
endoscopy for varices

rx/prevent complication
varices: banding/propanalol
ascites: spirinolactone, low salt, fluid
encephalopathy: lactulose
coagulopathy: vitamin K
Term
ix in liver disease
Definition
Bloods: FBC, UE, LFTs, coagulation for liver synthetic fx
USS liver
ascitic tap if ascites is present
CXR: pleural effusion
Term
complications of liver disease
Definition
decompensated liver failure
hepatorenal disease: AKI that isn't responsive to fluids
SPB
Term
causes of hepatomegaly?
Definition
malignancy: primary or secondary
hepatic congestion: RHF
heamatological
infection: hepaitis
Term
causes of splenomegaly?
Definition
infiltration: leukaemia, lymphoma, myeloproliferative
increased function: extravascular hemolysis, extra medullary heamopoiesis, response to infection
vascular congestion: cirrhosis, splenic vein and hepatic vein obstruction
Term
causes of massive splenomegaly?
Definition
M

malaria
CML
Myelofibrosis
Term
causes of hepatosplenomegaly?
Definition
chronic liver disease with portal HTN
heamatomlogical: lymohoma, leukimia, myeloproliferative
infections: EBV/CMV, malaria, viral hepatitis
infiltration: amyloidosis, sarcoidosis
Term
causes for renal transplant?
Definition
ESRF
PCKD
HTN
Term
what to look for in renal transplant patient?
Definition
flank masses (PCKD)
hearing aid (Alports)
collapsed nasal bridge (Wegeners)
previous RRT
AV fistula
immunosupression side effects e.g. tremor from calcineurin inhibitor
Term
2 I 2 Bs 2 Cs of hepatomegaly
Definition
infection: viral hepatitis, EBV, malaria
infiltration: sarcoid amyloid, fatty liver

blood related: lymphoma, leukaemia, myeloproliferative disorders
biliary: PBC, PSC

cancer: primary or mets
congestion: RHF, tricuspid regurg
Term
causes of hepatosplenomegaly
Definition
lymphoma
leukimia
heamolytic anemias
malaria
EBV
viral hepatitis
Term
CI to renal transplant?
Definition
cancer
active infection
hepatic disease
cardiac or pulmonary insufficiency
Term
liver edge characteristics

smooth
knobbly
pulsatile
Definition
smooth: congestion, fatty infiltrartion
knobbly: cancer
pulsatile: tricuspid regurg

bruit: TIPPS
AV malformation
Term
what to do with renal vein an artery in renal transplant?
Definition
renal vein to external iliac vein
renal artery to external iliac artery
Term
what post op immunosuppression would someone with renal transplant be on?
Definition
steroids
azathioprine
ciclosporin

more suseptible to infection from cmv and also SCC of skin
Term
the most common type of fistula in renal replacement is Cimino fistula. this is made from which vein and artery?
Definition
radio-cephalic anastamoses
Term
in a fistula you may palpate a thrill, what is this due to? when might it be absent?
Definition
due to turbulent blood flow

absent in thromboses fistulas
Term
complications of renal transplant?
Definition
acute rejection3-6 months
and chronic rejection > 6 months

immunosuppressive complications: CMV, SCC, EBV mediated lymphoproliferative disorder

UTI, kidney disorders
Term
prognosis of kidney transplant
Definition
affected by
cold donor time
type of donor
donor age
Term
stoma inspection: ask pt to cough, why?
Definition
signs of herniation
Term
causes of end colostomy?
Definition
AP resection of low rectal tumours
Hartmans procedure
Term
what is a proctosigmoidectomy AKA?
Definition
Hartmans procedure
Term
Loop colostomy, when are they usually reversed?
Definition
In 6 weeks

done to protect anastamoses of a distal segment of bowel
Term
when are end iliostomys used?
Definition
UC
FAP
Hirschsprungs
Term
when would urostomy be used?
Definition
cystectomy for bladder cancer

ileal conduit: short segment of ilium removed to act as bladder
Term
complications of stoma

FOUL SHITS
Definition
fistula
odour
ulcers of skin
leak

stenosis
hernia
ischemia
terminal ileum loss
sexual problems
Term
stoma care
Definition
lots of fluid
small fibre
avoid nuts: cause blockage
avoid: brocoli beans fizzy drinks, flatulence
Supporting users have an ad free experience!