Term
| What is the pathophysiology of vomiting? |
|
Definition
1a)Vestibulocerebral system can stimulate VC
1b)Stimulation of Serotonergic Enterochromaffins in turn stimulate VC
2)Stimulation of vomiting center(Medulla) or chemoreceptor trigger zone(Near 4th Ventricle)
3)Retrograde peristalsis in duodenum with abdominal and inspirtory muscle contraction |
|
|
Term
| Is GER common in infants and when is GER clasified as GERD |
|
Definition
50% of infants <1yr old have GER >1x per day
GERD is indicated when the infant has failure to thrive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GER
Esophogitis
Sometimes normocytic anemia
Arching back and turning head |
|
|
Term
| How is GER(Gastrointestinal Reflux) diagnosed and treated in Infants |
|
Definition
Dx: UGI, PH probe, 5-channel Pneumongram
TX: PPI's, Surgery |
|
|
Term
| What is rumination and when does it occur |
|
Definition
Repetitive regurgitation of food with rechewing and reswallowing
Occurs in infants with severe neglect by the caregiver in an attempt to stimulate themselves |
|
|
Term
| Typical presentation and diagnosis of infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis |
|
Definition
4-6 week old with progressively worsening vomiting
Hypokalemic, Hypochloremic Alkalosis
Palpable Olive
Dx: Ultra sound |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Build up of hard substances in the GI(hair from trichotillomania, milk formula) |
|
|
Term
| What is the most common cause of vomiting in children |
|
Definition
| Acute Gastroenteritis from a virus |
|
|
Term
| Why are brain absesses not included in the differential of vomiting in young infants? |
|
Definition
| Frontal sinuses haven't formed yet |
|
|
Term
| What is the presentation, dx, and tx of hirshsprung's disease |
|
Definition
Pres: Ab distention, vomiting, constipation
Dx: barium edema, Suction biopsy
Tx: Pull through Surgery |
|
|
Term
| What is Intussuseption, the presentation, dx and tx? |
|
Definition
Telescoping of intestine into itself
Pres: Severe colic every 20 minutes then lethargy, currant jelly stools
DX/TX: Air contrast barium enema |
|
|
Term
| How do you differentiate hematemesis from the mother or from the infant |
|
Definition
| Apt Test for Fetal hemoglobin |
|
|
Term
| What does a double bubble sign on Imaging of the GI indicate? |
|
Definition
|
|
