Term
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Definition
Staph aureus: beef, pork, poultry, eggs
- sx begin within 6 hrs of ingestion
Enterhemorrhagic E. coli: beef, pork, fast food (undercooked hamburger), apple cider, lettuce, milk, cheese
C. difficile: hospitalization, inpatient or outpatient antibiotics or chemotheraphy within the last several weeks, daycare centers |
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Term
| Agent that commonly causes acute GI illness |
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Definition
norovirus (a type of calcivirus)
- now recognized as leading cause of epidemics of gastroenteritis
- >90% of outbreaks can now be attributed to this virus
- need to understand immunity to this virus
Tx: oral rehydration |
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Term
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Definition
just traveled, unformed stools with cramping, no fever/vomiting/bloody stool
Most common pathogen is E. coli
Tx: hydration, antimotility drugs, antibiotics |
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Term
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Definition
Causes of Osmotic:
- Mg, PO4, SO4 ingestion
- CHO malabsorption
Causes of secretory:
- everything else :)
- laxatives, post-cholecystectomy, congenital, bacteria, bile acid malabsorption, inflammatory bowel, vasculatis, drugs/poisons, disordered motility, neuroendocrine tumors, neoplasia, Addison's, epidemic secretory diarrhea |
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Term
| Implications of medical hx in patients with chronic diarrhea |
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Definition
Sugar-free foods (sorbitol, mannitol)
Weight loss (malabsorption, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, neoplasm, anorexia) |
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Term
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Definition
autoimmune disorder in which the environmental precipitant, gluten, is known
can be dx at any age, affects many organ systems
SI loses villi |
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Term
| Oral rehydration solutions - Na+ levels |
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Definition
13.5-40 g/L
(different than that used in commonly used beverages) |
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Term
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Definition
rice water diarrhea
no fever, blood, other medical problems
visit to foreign country
elevated HR
afebrile
decreased mucous secretions
normal abdominal exam |
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Term
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Definition
| Diarrhea can be defined by an increase in stool greater than 200 g daily. This is mostly water volume. There is also associated increase in stool frequency greater than three times daily. |
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