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GI - Hernias
PA CLin Med
25
Health Care
Graduate
01/20/2010

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Cards

Term
3 general types of hernias:
Definition
1. hiatal
2. abd
3. groin
Term
4 types of abd wall hernias:
Definition
1. incisional
2. umbilical
3. epigastric
4. semilunar (very rare)
Term
3 types of groin hernias:
Definition
1. inguinal direct
2. inguinal indirect
3. femoral
Term
hiatal hernia sx closely correlate to:
Definition
GERD
Term
most common hiatal hernia type:
Definition
type I (95%); sliding hiatal hernia: gastroesophageal junction sollowed by body of stomach through the esophageal hiatus
Term
herniation of the body of stomach into chest w maintenance of GE junction below the diaphragm:
Definition
type II hiatal hernia
Term
combination of Type I&II hiatal hernias:
Definition
Type III
Term
giant hiatal hernia; stomach along with any other organs: Which Type?
Definition
Type IV hiatal hernia
Term
8 risk factors for hiatal hernias:
Definition
All increase intra-abd pressure:
1. obesity
2. aging
3. constipation
4. chronic cough
5. pulm dz
6. strenuous exercise
7. ascites
8. multiparity/prego
Term
3 most common clinical presentations of hiatal hernia:
Definition
1. presence of risk factors
2. heartburn
3. regurge
Term
hiatal hernia tx:
Definition
1. lifestyle changes to prevent GERD
2. PPI
3. Surgery; failed above and type II/IV
Term
incisions w highest incidence of incisional hernias:
Definition
midline incisions
Term
define inarceration related to hernias:
Definition
not reduceable
Term
pain + incarceration w abd hernia =
Definition
strangulated omentum or bowel need surgery
Term
level of risk for bowel involvement in epigastric hernia:
Definition
low
Term
which is more common: inguinal or femoral hernias?
Definition
inguinal (96%) compared to femoral (4%)
Term
define indirect inguinal hernia:
Definition
lateral to inferior epigastric artery
Term
define direct inguinal hernia:
Definition
occur through Hesselbach's triangle; medial to inferior epigastric artery
Term
most common groin hernias in men and women:
Definition
indirect inguinal
Term
hernia: often descends into scrotal sac or labia majora:
Definition
indirect inguinal hernia
Term
hernia: 40% present w incarceration/strangulation emergencies:
Definition
femoral hernias
Term
account for <10% of groin hernias:
Definition
femoral hernias
Term
sx of strangulated bowel:3
Definition
1. incarceration
2. pain
3. N/V
Term
test to confirm hernia:
Definition
US, MRI
Term
how long before strangulated bowel becomes nonviable?
Definition
4-6hrs
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