Term
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Definition
Proton pump inhibitors (DOC)
histamine 2 receptor antagonist |
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Term
|
Definition
Difficulty and painful swallowing
GI bleeding
Anemia
Persistent vomiting |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
H. Pylori
NSAIDS
Acid
Pepsin
Smoking
Steroids |
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Term
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Definition
Mucus
Bicarbonate
Blood flow
Prostaglandins |
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Term
| Why is mucus important to defend PUD? |
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Definition
| Protects underlying cells from attack by acid and pepsin |
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Term
| Why is bicarbonate important to defend PUD |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is blood flow important to defend PUD? |
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Definition
Maintains submucosa integrity
Local ischemia can lead to cell injury allowing pepsin and acid to attack |
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Term
| Why are prostaglandins important to defend PUD? |
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Definition
Stimulates secretion of mucus and bicarbonate and promotes vasodilation to maintain Mucosal blood flow
Suppresses secretion of gastric acid |
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Term
| Why is gastric acid aggressive against PUD? |
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Definition
| Directly injures cells by activating pepsin |
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Term
| Why is pepsin an aggressive factor against PUD |
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Definition
| Promotes ulcers by breaking down protein in the gut wall |
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Term
| Why s smokking an aggressive factor against PUD? |
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Definition
Reduces secretion of bicarbonate
Accelerates gastric emptying which delivers more acid |
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Term
What drugs and how many are used to treat PUD?
How long? |
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Definition
| 2 antibiotics twice daily with proton pump inhibitor for 10-14 days |
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Term
| Proton pump inhibitor drug names |
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Definition
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Term
| Histmine 2 receptor antagonist drug names |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Aluminum hydroxide
Calcium carbonate
Magnesium hydroxide |
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Term
| Adverse effects of aluminum hydroxide |
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Definition
Constipation
(AC)
Has high Na content so be careful in patients with HTN |
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Term
| Adverse effects of magnesium hydroxide |
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Definition
Diarrhea
(MD)
Do not give to people with renal impairment due to Mg toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
Avoid alcohol
Avoid NSAIDS and Aspirin
Stop smoking |
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Term
| Antibiotics used to treat h. Pylori |
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Definition
Amoxacillin
Clarithromycin
Bismuth salicylate
Tetracycline
Metronidazole |
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Term
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Definition
Suppress gastric acid secretion by inhibition of H/K + ATPase
Inc pH- more basic |
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Term
| Cimetidine is a ___ and used for ____ |
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Definition
| H2 antagonist used for PUD and GERD |
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Term
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Definition
| Taken with food to slow absorption and prolong effects |
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Term
| Cimetidine nursing management: |
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Definition
Assess pain
Kidney fxn
Avoid late meals
Avoid ETOH, caffeine, high fat foods, large meals |
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Term
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Definition
| 30 minutes before morning meal |
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Term
| Misoprostol type of drug and contraindications |
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Definition
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Term
| Sucralfate type of drug and contraindications |
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Definition
Cytoprotective drug
Minimal absorption
Do not take with kidney problems
Drink lots of water if you do have kidney problems |
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Term
| Calcium carbonate adverse effects |
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Definition
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Term
| Drugs used to treat constipation |
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Definition
Bulk forming laxatives
Surfactant laxatives
Stimulant laxatives
Osmotic laxatives
Misc. Laxatives |
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Term
| Description of bulk forming laxatives and drug names |
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Definition
Softens stool by pulling more water into small intestine and colon
Inc fecal mass which promotes peristalsis
Methylcellulose, psyllium, polycarophil |
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Term
| Surfactant laxative description and drug names |
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Definition
Water penetrates small intestine and colon and softens stools
Docusate sodium or calcium |
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Term
| Stimulate laxative description and drug names |
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Definition
Stimulates peristalsis and softens stool secreting water and electrolytes into the intestines
Bisacodyl, senna, castor oil |
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Term
| Osmotic laxative drug names |
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Definition
| Magnesium (hydroxide, sulfate, citrate), sodium phosphate, polyethylene glycol |
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Term
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Definition
| Lubricates and dec water absorption |
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Term
| Glycerin supp description |
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Definition
| Lubricates and causes reflex rectal contraction |
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Term
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Definition
Similar to osmotic which work by osmosis in small intestine and colon
Soften feces |
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Term
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Definition
Open chloride channels in the intestinal epithelium
Inc motility and secretion of fluid into lumen
> 18 |
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Term
| Immediate response laxatives occurs in how many minutes and which drugs |
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Definition
Enema
-sodium or mineral oil
Glycerin supp (babies, children)
Stools in 5-30 min |
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Term
| Quick response laxatives drugs and time |
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Definition
Osmotic laxatives
- magnesium and sodium salts
Castor oil
PEG solution
Watery stool in 2-6 hr |
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Term
| Semi quick response laxative drugs and time |
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Definition
Osmotic laxatives
- magnesium and sodium salts
Stimulant laxatives
- bisacodyl, oral senna
Semifluid stool in 6-12 hrs |
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Term
| Dalayed response laxatives drugs and time |
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Definition
Bulk forming laxatives
Surfactant laxatives
Lactulose
Lubiprostone
Soft stool in 1-3 days |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Drugs that treat diarrhea |
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Definition
Opioids
- diphenoxylate/atropine
- difenoxin
- paregoric |
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Term
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Definition
Serotonin receptor antagonist 5HT3
- ondansetron (zofran)
Glucocorticoids
Substance P/ neurokinin 1 antagonist
Cannabinoids
Dopamine antagonist
- promethazine (phenergan)
Anticholinergics
- antihistamines |
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Term
| Ondansetron adverse effects |
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Definition
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