Term
|
Definition
Sodium Bicarbonate
(Baking Soda®, Alka Seltzer®)
Calcium Carbonate
(Tums®, Os-Cal®)
Magnesium Hydroxide
(Milk of Magnesia®)
Aluminum Hydroxide (Amphojel®) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Baking Soda®, Alka Seltzer®
MOA: Reacts rapidly with HCl to produce carbon dioxide and sodium chloride. Gas is formed
Quick onset, short duration
May cause metabolic alkalosis, sodium content may cause problems in patients with CHF, hypertension, or renal insufficiency
Antacids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tums®, Os-cal®
MOA: Less soluble and acts more slowly than sodium bicarbonate with HCl to form calcium, carbon dioxide, and calcium chloride
May cause constipation, kidney stones
Antacids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Milk of Magnesia®
MOA: Reacts slowly with HCl to form magnesium chloride and water
Commonly used as a laxative
Do not use in renal failure
Antacids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Amphojel®
MOA: Reacts slowly with HCl to form Aluminum Chloride and water
May cause constipation
Antacids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cimetidine (Tagamet®)
Ranitidine (Zantac®)
Nizatidine (Axid®)
Famotidine (Pepcid®, Mylanta® AR) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tagamet®
Inhibitor of CYP450
H2 Antagonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pepcid®, Mylanta® AR
H2 Antagonists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Omeprazole (Prilosec®)
Lansoprazole (Prevacid®)
Rabeprazole (Aciphex®)
Pantoprazole (Protonix®)
Esomeprazole (Nexium®)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prilosec®, Omesec®, Losec®
MOA: Irriversibly binds to H+/K+ ATPase enzyme to inhibit gastric secretion
PPIs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Prevacid®
MOA: Irriversibly binds to H+/K+ ATPase enzyme to inhibit gastric secretion
PPIs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aciphex®
MOA: Irriversibly binds to H+/K+ ATPase enzyme to inhibit gastric secretion
PPIs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Protonix®
MOA: Irriversibly binds to H+/K+ ATPase enzyme to inhibit gastric secretion
PPIs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Nexium®
MOA: Irriversibly binds to H+/K+ ATPase enzyme to inhibit gastric secretion
PPIs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sucralfate (Carafate®)
Misoprostol (Cytotec®)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Carafate®
Binds with phosphate, can be used in patients with chronic renal failure
Protects gastric mucosa from pepsin
Mucosal Protectants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Cytotec®
Synthetic prostaglandin analog
Can be used to cause abortion (you don't need to know this for the test, just a tidbit)
Mucosal Protectants |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bentyl®
Used for irritable bowel syndrome
Anticholinergics/Antispasmotics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Levsin®
Used for irritable bowel syndrome
Anticholinergics/Antispasmotics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lotronek®
5HT-3 Receptor Antagonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Zelnorm®
5HT-4 Receptor Agonist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Bismuth Subsalicylate
(Pepto-Bismol®)
Attapulgite (Kaopectate®) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pepto-Bismol®
Coats wall of GI tract, binds causative agent and eliminates it in the stool
Adsorbents (Antidiarrheals) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Kaopectate®
Coats the wall of the GI tract, binds causative agent and eliminates it in the stool
Adsorbents (Antidiarrheals) |
|
|
Term
Lactobacillus acidophilus |
|
Definition
Lactinex®
Suppresses the growth of diarrhea causing bacteria, supplies missing bacteria to the GI tract
Intestinal Flora Modifiers (Antidiarrheals)
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Paregoric®
Decreases bowel motility and relieves rectal spasms
Opiates (Antidiarrheals) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Immodium® AD
Decreases bowel motility and relieves rectal spasms
Opiates (Antidiarrheals) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Lomotil®
Used in combination with Atropine
Decreased bowel motility and relieves rectal spasms
Opiates (Antidiarrheals) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Psyllium (Metamucil®)
Methylcellulose (Citrucel®) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Metamucil®
Draws water into the gut to distend the bowel lumen and cause rebound contraction to expel stool
Bulk Forming Laxatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Citrucel®
Draws water into the gut to distend the bowel lumen and expel stool
Bulk Forming Laxatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Colace®
Promotes more water and oil into the stool
Stool Softener (Emollient) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Polyethylene Glycol (GoLYTELY®)
Lactulose (Chronulac®) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
GoLYTELY®
Draws water into the bowel to cause the bowel to distend, increase peristalsis and evacuation
Hyperosmotic Laxatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Chronulac®
Draws water into the bowel to cause the bowel to distend, increase peristalsis and evacuation
Hyperosmotic Laxatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Magnesium Sulfate (Epsom Salt®)
Magnesium Hydroxide
(Milk of Magnesia)
Sodium Phosphate
(Fleet Phosoho-Soda®)
Magnesium Citrate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Epsom Salt®
Increases osmotic pressure within the intestinal tract causing more water to enter the intestines resulting in bowel distention, increased peristalsis and evacuation
Saline Laxative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Milk of Magnesia®
Increases osmotic pressure within the intestinal tract causing more water to enter the intestines resulting in bowel distention, increased peristalsis and evacuation
Saline Laxative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Fleet Phospho Soda®
Increases osmotic pressure within the intestinal tract causing more water to enter the intestines resulting in bowel distention, increased peristalsis and evacuation
Saline Laxative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
No brand name
Increases osmotic pressure within the intestinal tract causing more water to enter the intestines resulting in bowel distention, increased peristalsis and evacuation
Saline Laxative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Senna (Sennakot-S®)
Bisacodyl (Dulcolax®) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Sennakot-S®
Increases peristalsis via intestinal nerve stimulation
Stimulant Laxative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dulcolax®
Increases peristalsis via intestinal nerve stimulation
Stimulant Laxative |
|
|
