Term
| what is normal # of BM per week? |
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Definition
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Term
| define chronic constipation: |
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Definition
| at least 2 sx for at least 12wks over 12months wo use of laxitives |
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Term
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Definition
1. <3 BM/wk
2. excessive straining in 25% of BMs
3. feeling of oncomplete evacuation after 25% of BMs
4. passage of hard, pellet-like stoll in 25% of BMs |
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Term
| constipation is more prevalent in: |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the most common cause of acute abd pain in children? |
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Definition
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Term
| constipation with age may be related to: |
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Definition
| increasing incidence of colorectal cancer with age |
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Term
| most common cause of constipation: |
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Definition
| poor dietary and behavioral habits; inadequate fiber, fluid intake & not allowing for normal frequency of BMs |
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Term
| how is phys activity related to BMs? |
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Definition
| decreased physical activity can contribute to constipation. |
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Term
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Definition
| congenital aganglionic megacolon; failure of neural crest cells to migrate to the distal colon during gestation leading to lack of relaxation of distal colon and rectum causing dilation of proximal bowel. |
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Term
| 5 general etiologies of constipation: |
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Definition
1. structural abnormalities
2. systemic dz
3. inability to sit on toilet
4. medications
5. idiopathic |
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Term
| 6 structural abnormalities that may cause constipation: |
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Definition
1. colonic lesions; tumor
2. outlet problems; hemorrhoids
3. hernia
4. adhesions
5. fecal impaction
6. nerve damage/paralysis |
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Term
| 5 systemic dz that may cause constipation: |
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Definition
1. neurological disorders
2. myopathies
3. endocrine disorders
4. electrolyte abnormalities
5. psychological |
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Term
| 4 neurological do that may cause constipation: |
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Definition
1. parkinsons
2. MS
3. sacral nerve damage
4. paraplegia |
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Term
| 3 endocrine do that may cause constipation: |
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Definition
1. hypothyroidism (can present w severe constipation)
2. hyperparathyroidism
3. DM |
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Term
| which lyte abnormalities contribute to constipation: |
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Definition
| hypercalcemia & hypokalemia |
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Term
| 3 psychological do that contribute to constipation: |
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Definition
1. depression
2. OCD
3. denied bowel activity |
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Term
| 4 drugs that may contribute to constipation: |
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Definition
1. chronic use/abuse of laxitives
2. benadryl (anti-histamine)
3. opiods
4. iron supplements |
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Term
| example of primary constipation with normal transit: |
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Definition
| chronic constipation secondary to lack of fiber in diet |
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Term
| PMHx that may be important in pt presenting with constipation: |
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Definition
1. abd surgery
2. IBD
3. colon polyps
4. CA
5. hypothyroidism |
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Term
| accounts for 1/3 of neonatal bowel obstructions: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| colonic transit test; pt given capsules filled with radio-opaque rings, then x-rays to see if/where rings accumulate |
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Term
| new dx of constipation in pt over 50, must ro: |
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Definition
| CA and strictures via colonoscopy, sigmoidoscopy + barium enema |
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Term
| pt education for constipation: |
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Definition
1. activity
2. diet
3. fluids
4. stool softeners |
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Term
| which medicine/methods is safe and affective in infant for constipation: |
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Definition
1. polyethylene glycol (Miralax)
2. apple juice
3. karo syrup |
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