Term
|
Definition
| non-traumatic sudden disorder w primary sx in the abd for which urgent operation may be necessary |
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|
Term
| 7 GI disorders that can result in an acute abd: |
|
Definition
1. Appendicitis
2. Strangulated bowel
3. Bowel perforation
4. bowel obstruction
5. diverticulitis
6. gastroenteritis
7. acute gastritis |
|
|
Term
| 6 Liver/biliary tract dz that can result in acute abd: |
|
Definition
1. acute cholecystitis
2. hepatic abcess
3. ruptured hepatic tumor
4. splenic rupture
5. biliary colic
6. acute hepatitis |
|
|
Term
| 4 Urinary tract do that may cause acute abd: |
|
Definition
1. renal/urethral stone
2. acute pyelonephritis
3. acute cystitis
4. renal infarct |
|
|
Term
| 3 vascular do that may cause acute abd. |
|
Definition
1. AAA
2. acute ischemic colitis
3. mesenteric thrombosis |
|
|
Term
| gyn d/o's that may cause acute abd: |
|
Definition
| 1. ruptured ectopic 2. twisted ovarian tumor 3. acute salpingitis endometriosis |
|
|
Term
| peritoneal dz that may cause acute abd: 3 |
|
Definition
| 1. intra-abd abcess 2. primary peritonitis 3. tuberculosis peritonitis |
|
|
Term
| 3 sx that are likely to require immediate surgery: |
|
Definition
1. hypotension or shock (significant bleed)
2. Pulsatile abd mass (AAA)
3. Boardlike abd (ruptured viscus) |
|
|
Term
| abd pain with slow onset, dull, poorly localized and prolonged = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| visceral pain is caused by: |
|
Definition
1. distension
2. inflammation
3. ischemia |
|
|
Term
| abd pain that occurs in a quadrant of the abd; easily localized and is sharp and acute = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| somatic or parietal pain is caused by: |
|
Definition
| direct irritation by bile, pus, GI contents or urine |
|
|
Term
| 7 causes of sudden onset abd pain (wn seconds to minutes) |
|
Definition
1. perforated peptic ulcer
2. ruptured aortic aneurism
3. reuptured abcess or hematoma
4. esophageal rupture
5. ruptured ectopic
6. mesenteric infarction
7. MI |
|
|
Term
rapidly progressive abd pain (wn 1-2hrs)
8 causes: |
|
Definition
1. biliary colic
2. cholecystitis
3. renal colic
4. proximal small bowel obstruction
5. acute pancreatitis
6. diverticulitis
7. appendicitis
8. mesenteric ischemia |
|
|
Term
| abd pain that develops over several hours may be caused by: 5 pathologies |
|
Definition
| 1. peptic ulcer dz 2. distal small bowel obstruction 3. appendicitis 4. pyelonephritis 5. malignant neoplasm |
|
|
Term
| pesistent pain for over __hrs after an acute onset has a high likelihood of a ________ cause and requires admissioin for observation. |
|
Definition
| persistence of pain for over 6hrs after acute onset has a high likelihood of a surgical cause and req admission for observation. |
|
|
Term
| steady and unrelenting pain, dull, gnawing sensation of mild to moderate severity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| steady and unrelenting pain, dull, gnawing sensation of mild to moderate severity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| steady and unrelenting epigastric pain, dull, gnawing sensation of mild to moderate severity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pesistent pain for over __hrs after an acute onset has a high likelihood of a ________ cause and requires admissioin for observation. |
|
Definition
| persistence of pain for over 6hrs after acute onset has a high likelihood of a surgical cause and req admission for observation. |
|
|
Term
| steady and unremitting, dull gnawing pain of mild to moderate severity = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
episodic colic-type pain w intervening pain free intervals, can be excrutiating, releaved by analgesics:
Assoc w which contractions? |
|
Definition
| Colic type pain occurs from smooth muscle contractions |
|
|
Term
| "aching discomfort" in stomach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain releaved with antacids = |
|
Definition
| peptic ulcer dz or esophagitis |
|
|
Term
| pain worsened by movement = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| constant movement to find comfortable position = |
|
Definition
| bowel obstruction and renal colic |
|
|
Term
| inflammatory abd pain that is relieved by leaning forward and aggrevation by lying supine = |
|
Definition
| retroperitoneal inflammation such as pancreatitis |
|
|
Term
| pain releaved by defecation could suggest = |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain occuring following vomiting indicates: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pain occuring before vomiting indicates: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| abd pain with fever/chills suggests acute infections: list 5 |
|
Definition
| 1. appendicitis 2. biliary tract 3. UTI 4. salpingitis (PID)5. perforation of a viscus (abd organ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| total absence of gas or feces and indicates bowel obstruction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. cholecystitis 2. congestive hepatomegaly 3. hepatitis or hepatic abcess 4. perforated duodenal ulcer 5. retrocecal appendicitis (rare)
could also be PE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. gastritis
2. splenic abcess or rupture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. appendicitis 2. cecal diverticulitis 3. Meckel's diverticulitis 4. mesenteric adenitis (mesenteric lymph inflammation; viral/bacterial) |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| silence upon auscultation (no audible peristalsis wn 5min) is indicative of: |
|
Definition
| diffuse perotinitis but not diagnostic |
|
|
Term
| crescendo rushes alternating with silence upon abd auscultation: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high pitched rushes upon abd auscultation are common in: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tenderness to percussion is a sign of: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| excessive tympany near the midline upon abd percussion indicates: |
|
Definition
| possible bowel obstruction or free air |
|
|
Term
| shiftin dullness to percussion could be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| imaging study for RUQ pain: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CT w oral & IV contrast media |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| intraperitoneal infection management: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute cholecystitis management: |
|
Definition
| 1. analgesics 2. IV 3. NG tube if needed 4. ok to dc NG if able to take analgesics and fluids and if not severely ill |
|
|
Term
| acute pancreatitis management: |
|
Definition
1. analgesics
2. IV
3. NG tube
4. admit most patients
5. send home if able to take analgesics and fluids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. analgesics
2. IV
3. admit if severely ill
4. strain urine for stone
5. ok to send home if able to take analgesics and fluids |
|
|
Term
| small bowel obstruction management: |
|
Definition
1. admit
2. NG suction
3. IV fluids
4. NPO
5. monitor progression with x-ray.CT
6. close surgical follow up |
|
|
Term
| acute gastritis/peptic ulcer management: |
|
Definition
1. GI cocktail; Maalox, Donnatel, Xylocain
3. admit if dehydrated severely
4. NG tube
5. NPO |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. admit if dehydrated or lytes abn
2. admit if moderate to severe blood loss
3. admit if need parenteral analgesics
4. RO infections of the colon
5. monitor closely for complications |
|
|
Term
| acute hepatitis management: |
|
Definition
1. admit pts w persistent vomiting, dehydration, hepatic encephalopathy or PT >15s
2. ok to dc others with hydration instruction and non-narcotic analgesics |
|
|
Term
| gastroenteritis management: |
|
Definition
1. admit every ill or dehydrated pt
2. dc if not severe with hydration instruction and next day follow up
3. pepto-bismol
4. lomotil used with caution |
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