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GI-5 Mid/Hind Gut
N/A
24
Medical
Graduate
01/19/2012

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Cards

Term
What are the five fluids of the liver?
(and direction)
Definition
arterial blood (i)
portal blood (i)
venous blood (o)
bile (o)
lymph (o)
Term
What are the 2 recesses of the peritoneum cavity?
Definition
subphrenic recess
hepatorenal recess
Term
Which ligament divides the liver anatomically?
Definition
falciform ligament
Term
What are the 4 lobes of the liver?
Definition
caudate, quadrate, left, and right
Term
What marks the physiologic border of the R/L liver?
Definition
the hepatic artery
Term
What 3 structures will you find in the hepatoduedenal ligament?
Definition
Bile duct, hepatic artery proper, and portal vein
Term
Which 3 veins conjoin to make the portal vein? what is significant about these veins?
Definition
splenic vein, superior and inferior mesenteric
No valve (risk of portal HTN)
Term
Name 4 significant portal system anastomoses?
Definition
ESOPHAGEAL VARICES (esophageal tributaries of left gastric to azygous)
INTERNAL HEMORRHOIDS (superior rectal veins)
CAPUT MEDUSA (superficial veins of abd wall)
RETROPERITONEAL ANASTOMOSES
Term
What percentage % of initial gastro-esophageal variceal bleeding episodes are fatal!
Definition
Up to 30%
Term
Where is the narrowest part of the biliary tract?
Definition
the hepatopancreatic ampulla
Term
If an unusually large gallstone is found in the transverse colon or the small intestine, this is an indication of what?
Definition
chronic inflammation of gallbladder -> fistula
Term
Is the pancreas a retro or intra peritoneal organ?
What organ is the pancreas tail anterior to?
Definition
retroperitoneal except for the tail
left kidney
Term
What structure is the pancreas head and neck directly anterior to?
Definition
Aorta (level of superior mesenteric) and inferior vena cava
Term
T or F: The bile duct travels within a groove along the anterior surface of the head of the pancreas.
Definition
False: Posterior
Term
What Sx would pt with a stone in the common bile duct have?
What Sx would pt with a stone compromising the pancreatic duct have?
Definition
jandus and pain
acute pancreatitis
Term
What 2 major arteries does the pancreas get blood from?
(pancreas is an exception)
Definition
celiac trunk and superior mesenteric
Term
The two most common causes of pancreatitis are:
Definition
1. Gall stones 2. Alcoholism
About 10% of patients who develop acute pancreatitis die.
Term
What do calcifications in pancreas indicate?
Definition
chronic pancreatitis
Term
Obstructive jaundice is a common complication of what?
Definition
pancreatic cancer (esp in the head of the pancreas)
Term
Where does the blood for the spleen come from?
Definition
celiac trunk -> splenic artery
Term
What are the 2 ligaments of the spleen? and what arteries are within them?
Definition
gastrosplenic ligament contains the left gastroepiploic and short gastric arteries
splenorenal ligament contains the splenic artery
Term
Other than bleeding into the peritoneal cavity, what else must a physician be concerned with, with a penetrating injury to the spleen?
Definition
hemothorax
Term
How large does the spleen must get before it is palpable?
Definition
at least 3X normal size
When palpable, the notches are clues that the structure is the spleen.
Term
Intraperitoneal bleeding from blunt trauma can involve which 2 organs?
Definition
spleen or liver
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