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| The proportion of deaths to population. |
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| Expected number of years of life remaining at a given age, such a birth. (US~78.3 for child born in 2010) |
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A disease that usually beings slowly, progresses, and persists. Signs and symptoms can be treated but not cured.
(Ex. heart disease, cancer, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease) |
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| Expected number of years of full health remaining at a given age, such as birth. Enjoying life without disability, chronic pain, significant illness. |
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| the ever-changing process of achieving individual potential in the physical, social, emotional, mental, spiritual, and environmental dimensions. |
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| a view of health in which health status focuses primarily on th individual and a biological or diseased organ perspective. outdated practice that focused on treatment and not prevention. |
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| ecological or public health model |
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A view of health in which diseases and other negative health events are seen as a result of an indivual's interaction with his or her social and physical environment.
Helping the health of many people at one time by taking care of a shared problem based on social and physical environments. |
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| actions or behaviprs designed to keep people from getting sick by reducing/eliminating the factors that make people sick in the first place. |
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the combined educational, organizational, procedural, environmental, social, and financial supports that help individuals and groups reduce negative health behaviors and promote positive change.
Polices and programs that promote good health. |
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| `actions thay increase susceptibilty to negative health outcomes. |
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| the achievement of the highest level of healh possible in each of several dimensions. |
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| wrote a book So Human an Animal and defined health with a concept of adaptibility and many different dimensions. |
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| body size, shape, sensory acuity and responsivenss, susceptibilty to disease and disorders, body functions, physical fitness, and recuperative abilities, and ability to perform normal activities of daily life (ADL) |
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| ability to have a broad social network, have satisfying interpersonal relationships with others (friends, family, partners), receive and give love, be nurturing and supportive in interactions with others, successful interaction/communication, adapting to social situations, etc. |
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| Feelings. Being able to express emotions when appropriate and control them when it is not, self-esteem, self-confidence, self-efficacy, trust, love, and other emotional reactions/responses |
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understanding the health of the environments in which you life, work, and play.
protecting from hazards and working to preserve, protect, and improve environmental conditions for all. |
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| having a sense of meaning and purpose in your life. may involve belief in a supreme being or way life living (religion) or just the ability to feel a part of a great spectrum of existence, to be at peace, care for and respect all living life |
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| emphasizing the balanced integreation of mind, body, and spirit. |
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| the array of critical influences that determine the health of individuals and communities. |
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| behaviors one can change themselves. ex. exercise, nutrition, alcohol consumption, tabacco use |
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| anything created by humans (roads, buildings, recreational areas, phone cables, etc.) improvements in these can improve community health |
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| family, friends, coworkers, the people of your community, social instituitons- schools, churches, jobs, social services (law enforcement, public transportation, counseling, senior services) cultural customs and languages, level of violence in community, economic factors |
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| most powerful determinate of health in social environment |
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| anything that you can perceive with your senses (skyscrapes, snow, radiation, air pollution) |
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| differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of diseases/health conditions among specific population groups. |
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| Health Belief Model (HBM) |
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Definition
Corrleates the relationships between beliefs and health behaviors developed by Rosenstock.
Perceived Seriousness of the health problem
(more serious=more likely to take action)
Perceived susceptibility to the health problem
(high risk= more likely to take preventative actions)
Cues to action
(reminded/alerted of potential health problem=more likely to take action)
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| appraisal of the relationship between some object, idea, or action and some attribute of that obkect, idea, or action. |
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Albert Bandura and several other researchers came up with it
three factors interact in a reciprocal fashion to promote and motivate change
<--the social environment-->our thoughts of cognition-->our behaviors-->
we change behaviors by observing models in our environments and reflect upon observations and regulate outselves accordingly.
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| transtheoretical model or stages of change model |
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model of behaviorwith 6 distinct stages that people go through in altering behavior patterns developed by Prochaska and DiClemente
1. Precontemplation- no current intention of changing (denial or unaware, may have tried to change before)
2. Contemplation- recognition of problem, lacking time/energy to make the change
3. Preperation- close to taking acion, thought about change, may have a plan
4. Action- begin to follow action plans
5. Maintenance- continues actions begun to make it a permanent lifestyle change, be aware of relaspses, develop strategies to deal with these
6. Termination- behavior is so ingrained that is has become a part of daily life |
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a social, cognitive, and emotional force that directs human behavior
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| belief in one's ability to perform a task(s) successfully, heavily influenced by previous experiences, |
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the location external or internal that an individual perceives as the source and underlying cause of events in his/her life
internal- have power over own actions, self-driven
external-peer pressure, blame |
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Specific
Measurable
Attainable
Realistic
Time-based |
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| using small steps to gradually acheive a greater goal |
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| learning specific behaviors by watching others perform them |
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promise to self, public declaration of intent, organized plan with start/end dates and daily actions
brainstorm possible barriers and how to overcome them
helps clarify goals and commit to change |
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| practicing through mental imagery to become better able to perform an event in reality |
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| substituting a deseried behavior for an undesirable one. |
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| attempt to influence bevaior through situations/occasionss that are structured to exert control over that behavior |
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| the customary manner of thinking and talking to yourself which can affect your self-image |
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presenting something positive followed by a behavior that is being reinforced.
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| types of positive reinforcers |
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Definition
consumable- edible
activity- opportunties to do something
manipulative- getting something out of it (lower rent, higher grade)
possessional- tangible rewards
social- signs of appreciation/approval, love (hugs, loving looks, praise,etc.) |
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