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GH Frameworks- Global Disease
Chronic Disease (T Pierce)
12
Health Care
Graduate
09/09/2010

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Trends of overweight women by income status
Definition
  • increases up to upper middle class
  • decrease at high income class
Term
Different causes, risk factors, and consequent risk factors of chronic disease
Definition
  • underlying causes
    • socioeconomic
    • cultural
    • political
    • environmental
    • ex: urbanizations, poverty, globalization, aging, populations
  • risk factors
    • unhealthy diet
    • inactivity
    • tobacco
    • processed food
    • ex: age, heredity, cholesterol
  • consequent risk factors
    • blood pressure
    • blood glucose
    • blood lipids
    • ex: overweight, obesity
Term
preventing and managing chronic disease
Definition
  • health promotion
  • specific prevention
    • diet, smoking, exercise
    • environmental and occupational exposures
    • ex: sexual health
  • retooling health service programs
  • health impact of non health policy
    • food safety
    • agriculture, trade
    • urban planning
Term
characteristics of chronic disease
Definition
  • take time to become fully established
  • have origins at young ages
  • require long, systematic and often expensive approaches to treatment
  • require inegration with responses to acute, infectious diseases
  • many opportunities for prevention
  • they are leading cause of death in all regions except sub-saharan africa
Term
Key risk factors to chronic disease
Definition
  • diet
  • exercise
  • tobacco use
  • alcohol abuse
Term
relation to economic growth with chronic and infectious diseases
Definition
  • normally as economic growth happens, chronic disease increases while infectious diseases decreases
  • however, you can have co-existance of problems of both types of diseases
Term
How can ID and chronic diseases overlap
Definition
  • infectious diseases can cause cancer
  • tobacco use increases death rates from TB
  • poor people, in rapidly growing cities, are at risk regardless of their country
Term
components for rise in chronic disease
Definition
  • demographic transition
  • epidemiologic transition
  • nutrition transition
Term
demographic transition (definition, stages)
Definition
  • initial and abrupt acceleration of population growth is replaced by rapid deceleration with subsequent stabilization of population and a sharp change in age structure
  • stages
    • stage one- high fertility/mortality
    • stage two- reduced mortality/changing age structure infectious disease control
      • better public health
      • fewer food shortabes
      • increase disease understanding
      • female literacy
    • stage 3 and 4- slowing and reduced fertility (with emphasis on family planing)
      • increase urbanization: raised cost dependent children with decrease living spaces
      • increase female employment
      • improved contraceptive technology
Term
epidemiologic transition
Definition
  • age of pestilence and famine- high mortality rates with lil population growth and life expectancy
  • age of receding pandemics- less frequent epidemics and infectious diseases
  • age of man made degenerative diseases
Term
reasons for epidemiologic transition
Definition
  • outcomes of demographic transition
  • improvements in public health strategies
  • improvements in disease control for infectious diseases
  • increased urbanization
    • sedentary lifestyle
    • change in dietary patterns
Term
definition: nutrition transition
Definition
  • increase diet high in total fat, cholesterol, sugar, and other refined carbs
  • decrease in diet rich in polyunsat. FA's and fiber
  • increase sedentary lifestyles
  • increased prevalence of obesity and chronic diseases
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