Term
|
Definition
| pregnancy termination prior to 20 weeks or fetus weighing less than 500 gram |
|
|
Term
| 3 Psychosocial results of abortion |
|
Definition
1. Fear
2. Grieving
3. Acute Pain |
|
|
Term
| 4. Types of Spontaneous Abortion |
|
Definition
1. Threatened
2. Complete
3. Imminent
4. Missed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of abortion marked by unexplained bleeding, cramping backache that indicates that the fetus might be in jeopardy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of abortion marked by bleeding or cramping increases and the internal cervical os dilates or membranes may rupture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of abortion marked by all of the products of conception being expelled. (sometimes happens in the toilet.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Type of abortion marked by the fetus dying in utero but is not expelled. |
|
|
Term
| 4 Treatments for Spontaneous Abortion |
|
Definition
1. Bed Rest
2. Abstinence from coitus
3. Dissemination and Cauterization
4. Rh immune globulin |
|
|
Term
| 5 Nursing Interventions for Spontaneous Abortion |
|
Definition
1. assess the amount of vaginal bleeding (hypovolemia)
2. monitor vital signs and degree of discomfort
3. assess need for Rh immune globulin
4. assess fetal heart rate
5. assess the responses and coping of the woman and family. |
|
|
Term
| 5 Elements for Post Abortion Patient Education |
|
Definition
1. Bleeding - (monitor pads)
2. Cramping for more than 1-2 weeks
3. Vaginal rest required for 1 week
4. Monitor temp. If > 100.4 F, call provider
5. Follow up in 2 weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Painless dilation before pregnancy comes to term leading to early expulsion of fetus. |
|
|
Term
| 6 Types of incompetent cervix |
|
Definition
1. congenital
2. acquired
3. biochemical
4. hormonoal
5. Diethylstilbesterol (DES)
6. anatomical |
|
|
Term
| What Assessment would you do for cervical incompetence?What assessment would you NOT do? |
|
Definition
1. Cervical ultrasound
2. SVE |
|
|
Term
| 4 S & S of Cervical Incompetence |
|
Definition
1. advanced cervical dilation
2. lower abdominal pressure
3. bloody show
4. urinary frequency |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 Nursing interventions for cervical incompetence? |
|
Definition
1. Bed rest
2. progesterone supplementation
3. Antibiotics
4. Anti-inflammatory drugs |
|
|
Term
| #1 procedure for cervical incompetence |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Cerclage suture should be removed when? 2 diff. times |
|
Definition
1. at term (37 weeks)
2. left in for C/S if future pregnancy is desired |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| implantation of a zygote elsewhere than the endometrial lining of uterus |
|
|
Term
| 11 Risk factors for ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
1. tubal damage
2. scarring
3. endometriosis
4. previous ectopic pregnancy
5. IUD
6. PID
7. tube anomalies
8. smoking
9. ovulation inducing drugs
10. advanced maternal age
11. douching |
|
|
Term
| 10 Symptoms of ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
1. amenorrhea
2. breast tenderness
3. nausea
4. presesnce of HcG
5. slowly increasing B-hCG (but low)
6. fainting/dizziness with rupture
7. Right referred should pain
8. low Hct/Hgb
9. Leukocyte increase
10. No gestational sac on Uterus |
|
|
Term
| #1 symptom of ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
| Referred right shoulder pain |
|
|
Term
| Why does nausea occur in an ectopic pregnancy? |
|
Definition
| Nausea is caused by the presence of hCG which disrupts the metabolism in the body. |
|
|
Term
| 4 Treatments for ectopic pregnancy |
|
Definition
1. Methotrexate if zygote is less than 3-5 cm
2. Leucovorin
3. Surgery
4. Rh immune globulin |
|
|
Term
| What does methotrexate do? |
|
Definition
| Kills the zygote. It is a folic acid antagonist. |
|
|
Term
| What Nursing assessments are there for an ectopic pregnancy? (5) |
|
Definition
1. for signs of hypovolemia
2. vaginal bleeding
3. pain
4. intake/output
5. emotional status |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a rare mass or growth that forms inside the womb (uterus) at the beginning of a pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| 3 types of hydatiform moles |
|
Definition
1. complete mole
2. partial mole
3. Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fertilization of egg with no nucleus; results in nucleus of sperm duplicating itself or ovum has no nucleus; contains no fetus, amniotic membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2 sperm fertilize one ovum resulting in XXY triploid |
|
|
Term
| Gestational trophoblastic neoplasia |
|
Definition
| choriocarcinoma requiring chemotherapy |
|
|
Term
| Distinctive factor about Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia |
|
Definition
| Beta Hcg levels do not fall - they stay elevated but there is no fetal heart beat |
|
|
Term
| #1 symptom of Gestational Trophoblastic Disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 7 Signs and symptoms of gestational trophoblastic disease |
|
Definition
1. vaginal bleeding - brown
2. cramping
3. passing of hydropic vesicles
4. uterine enlargement greater than expected for gestaional age
5. absence of fetal heart sounds
6. higher than anticpitated hCG levels
7. increased nausea and vomiting |
|
|
Term
| 4 parts of Treatment for gestational trophoblastic disease |
|
Definition
1. evacuation of mole
2. follow up HCG levels for at least 6 months
3. counseling
4. no pregnancy for 1 year |
|
|
Term
| How long should a patient with gestational trophoblastic disease follow up? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How long should a patient with gestational trophoblastic disease and evacuation wait to get pregnant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 Nursing interventions for gestational trophoblastic disease |
|
Definition
1. monitor vital signs
2. monitor vaginal bleeding
3. assess abdominal pain
4. assess the woman's emotional state |
|
|
Term
| How does hyperemesis gravidarum present? |
|
Definition
| severe nausea and vomiting such that it affect nutritional status and hydration |
|
|
Term
| What are 6 risks of hyperemesis gravidarum? |
|
Definition
1. dehydration
2. electrolyte imbalance
3. acidosis
4. weight loss
5. ketonuria
6. hepatic or renal damage |
|
|
Term
| What is the prevalence of hyperemesis gravidarum? (5) |
|
Definition
1. nulliparous women
2. adolescents
3. multiple gestation
4. increased body weight
5. gestational trophoblastic disease |
|
|
Term
| 6 treatments for hyperemesis Gravidarum |
|
Definition
1. control vomiting
2. IV terhapy
3. retore electrolyte imbalance
4. maintain adequate nutrition
5. eat small meals throughout day
6. postassium chloride |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 Treatments for hyperemesis |
|
Definition
1. pyridoxine (B6) 10 to 25 mg
2. phenegran
3. reglan
4. zofran |
|
|
Term
| How is chronic hypertension diagnoses vs. preeclampsia? |
|
Definition
| Chronic hypertension is diagnosed before 20 weeks and preeclampsia does not have an onset until after 20 weeks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an increase in blood pressure after 20 weeks gestation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occurrence of a seizure in a woman with preeclampsia who has no other cause for seizure |
|
|
Term
| preeclampsia begins with what? |
|
Definition
| decreased resistance to prostoglandins |
|
|
Term
| 4 characteristics of preeclampsia |
|
Definition
1. maternal vasospasm resulting in decreased perfusion to all organs, including the placenta
2. decrease in plasma volume
3. activation of coagulation cascade
4. alteration in glomerular capillary endothelium |
|
|
Term
| In preeclampsia, there is decreased perfusion to all organs; what are 5 specific ones? |
|
Definition
1. renal
2. hepatic
3. neurological
4. retinal
5. coagulation |
|
|
Term
| 4 effects to the renal system due to preeclampsia |
|
Definition
1. decreased GFR
2. proteinuria
3. uric acid, creatinine clearance are decreased (elevated in blood)
4. oliguria |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 possible results to the hepatic system from preeclampsia? |
|
Definition
1. increased fat deposits in liver
2. epigastric pain
3. liver damage |
|
|
Term
| What labs would you check for preeclampsia? (2 with 4 values) |
|
Definition
1. AST/ALT
2. albumin - BMP
3. creatinine - BMP
4. uric acid - BMP |
|
|
Term
| 4 neurological results of preeclampsia |
|
Definition
1. edema
2. cerebral hemorrhage
3. hyperreflexia
4. HA |
|
|
Term
| Vision blurring, double vision, photophobia or scotoma are caused from what in preeclampsia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What happens to coagulation in preeclampsia? |
|
Definition
| thrombocytopenia - increased platelet aggregation at endothelial damage activating clotting cascade (depletes platelets) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. HTN of 140/90
2. proteinuria 1+ or greater
3. brisk DTR
4. clonus
5 HA unresolved by tylenol
6. visual changes
7. epigastric pain
8. edema |
|
|
Term
| Describe 0 - 4 grades in DTR (Deep Tendon Reflexes) |
|
Definition
0 - none
1 - sluggish or dull
2 - active, normal
3 - brisk
4 - brisk with transient or sustained clonus |
|
|
Term
| systolic and diastolic BP for Mild preeclampsia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| systolic and diastolic BP for severe preeclampsia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Mild preeclampsia proteinuria count |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Severe preeclampsia proteinuria count |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 6 ways to manage preeclampsia |
|
Definition
1. bed rest
2. magnesium sulfate
3. corticosteroids
4. fluid and electrolyte replacement
5. antihypertensive therapy
6. delivery |
|
|
Term
| only cure for preeclampsia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drug of choice for preeclampsia to treat HTN |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 6 home management tasks for preeclampsia |
|
Definition
1. monitor worsening
2. fetal movement counts
3. rest in left lateral position
4. monitor BP, weight and urine protein daily
5. NST
6. lab testing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. severe persistent HA
2. epigastric pain
3. N/V
4. Hyperreflexia with clonus
5. restlessness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. cerebral vasospasm
2. cerebral hemorrhage
3. cerebral ischemia
4. cerebral edema |
|
|
Term
| 2 interventions for seizure |
|
Definition
1. lower HOB and turn head to side
2. suction if needed |
|
|
Term
| 7 nursing interventions for eclampsia |
|
Definition
1. assess characteristics of seizure
2. assess status of fetus
3. assess for signs of abruption
4. maintain O2 and airway
5. position on side
6. suction
7. administer magnesium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelet count |
|
|
Term
| What disease is HELLP associated with? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most women present with symptoms of HELLP before how many weeks? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe pathophysiology of HELLP |
|
Definition
Hemolysis occurs because RBCs become distorted moving through small damaged vessels
Low platelets is due to aggregation of platelets at sites of damage
liver enzymes elevate because blood flow is inhibited due to fibrin deposits |
|
|
Term
| 3 possible results of HELLP |
|
Definition
1. jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia)
2. liver rupture
3. epigastric pain due to liver swelling |
|
|
Term
| True or False. HELLP syndrome only occurs if there is preeclampsia. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gestational Hypertension (what is the difference between that and preeclampsia) |
|
Definition
| gestational hypertension exists after midpregnancy with no other signs of preeclampsia or proteinuria |
|
|
Term
| 6 Fetal risks from Rh incompatibility |
|
Definition
1. anemia
2. large number of erythrocytes
3. erythroblastosis fetalis
4. hydrops (cardia decompensation)
5. hypoxia from anemai
6. death |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The direct Coombs test (also known as the direct antiglobulin test or DAT) is used to detect if antibodies or complement system factors have bound to RBC surface antigens in vivo. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The indirect Coombs test (also known as the indirect antiglobulin test or IAT) is used to detect in-vitro antibody-antigen reactions. It is used to detect very low concentrations of antibodies present in a patient's plasma/serum prior to a blood transfusion |
|
|
Term
| 6 Treatments for neonate with Rh incompatibility |
|
Definition
1. Get blood type, Rh
2. Direct Coombs
3. Hgb
4. Transfuse for severe anemia and hyperbilirubinemia
5. early delivery
6. phototherapy for milk jaundice |
|
|
Term
| When is Rh Immune Globulin administered? |
|
Definition
| within 72 hours after birth or at 28 weeks of gestation |
|
|
Term
| 5 instances where Rh Immune globulin should be administered |
|
Definition
1. after Rh + infant birth
2. after abortion
3. after ectopic pregnancy
4. after invasive procedures during pregnancy
5. after maternal trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Group B strep (GBS) is a gram-positive streptococcal bacteria also known as Streptococcus agalactiae. Group B strep infection is the most common cause of sepsis and meningitis in the United States during a newborn's first week of life.
It is found in GI or urogenital tract |
|
|
Term
| 7 Risk factors for Group B Streptococcus |
|
Definition
1. premature birth
2. maternal fever
3. membranes ruptured for longer than 18 hours
4. previously infected infant
5. GBS in current pregnancy
6. younge maternal age
7. AFrican american or Hispanic |
|
|
Term
| 6 Newborn manifestations of Group B Streptococcus |
|
Definition
1. respiratory distress
2. pneumonia
3. apnea
4. shock
5. meningitis
6. neurologic damage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. |
|
|
Term
| 3 S & S of excess of polyhydramnios |
|
Definition
1. uterine distension
2. dyspnea
3. edema of lower extremities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| is a condition in pregnancy characterized by a deficiency of amniotic fluid. |
|
|
Term
| 3 Risks for oligohydramnios |
|
Definition
1. cord compression
2. musculoskeletal deformities
3. pulmonary hypoplasia |
|
|
Term
| Treatment for polyhydramnios |
|
Definition
| therapeutic amniocentesis |
|
|
Term
| treatment for oligohydramnios |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who is at risk for polyhydramnios? (3) |
|
Definition
1. pregnancies with maternal diabetes
2. multiple gestation
3. isoimmunization |
|
|
Term
| What is magnesium sulfate used for (2) |
|
Definition
1. treatment of preeclampsia
2. tocolytic |
|
|
Term
| What is the loading dose of magnesium sulfate? |
|
Definition
| 4 - 6 grams (if for tocolytic, much lower) |
|
|
Term
| What is the hourly dose of magnesium sulfate for preeclampsia? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What type of drug is magnesium sulfate? |
|
Definition
| CNS depressant. Acts like a calcium channel blocker, but is not an antihypertensive. |
|
|
Term
| What is the antidote to magnesium sulfate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 8 SE of loading dose of magnesium sulfate |
|
Definition
1. warmth
2. HA
3. hystagmus
4. Nausea
5. dry mouth
6. dizziness
7. lethargy
8. risk of pulmonary edema |
|
|
Term
| 4 Fetal SE of magnesium sulfate |
|
Definition
1. hypotnia
2. lethargy
3. hypoglycemia
4. hypocalcemia |
|
|
Term
| How to management administration of magnesium sulfate (7) |
|
Definition
1. monitor serum of mag
2. monitor respirations
3. monitor BP
4. Assess DTR's and clonus
5. Monitor Urine output
6. neurological status
7. monitor fetal heart tones continuously |
|
|
Term
| therapeutic range for magnesium sulfate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Urine should not be less than this with magnesium sulfate administration. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| True or False. With preeclampsia, vaginal birth is preferred. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does preeclampsia lead to heart failure? |
|
Definition
1. want to induce labor to deliver
2. administer oxytocin
3. oxytocin increases fluids
4. can cause water intoxication
5. leads to pulmonary edema
6. leads to heart failure |
|
|
