Term
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Definition
Kant
Brentano
Mach
von Ehrenfels
James
Stumph |
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Term
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Definition
The whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Works on a "minimum principle"
Top-down analysis |
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Term
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Definition
Worked on developing word association; argued with Jung about who invented it
Phi phenomenon
Against elementism |
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Term
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Definition
Spokesperson for the movement through many books/talks
Studied memory
Wrote Principles of Gestalt Psychology |
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Term
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Definition
Studied monkeys
Insight learning
Language research |
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Term
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Definition
Basis for social psychology
Studied group dynamics, types of conflict, and field theory
Motivation = quasi (social) needs |
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Term
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Definition
Common sense psychology
Identified interpersonal relationships as varying across multiple dimensions |
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Term
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Definition
Interpret people's personalities as a whole rather than individual traits
conformity experiment on line lengths |
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Term
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Definition
Focused on brain-damaged individuals
Self-realization is the only drive that regulates behaviour
Important to study all aspects of an individual rather than individual mechanics of behaviour |
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Term
| Psychological isomorphism |
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Definition
Variant of Fechner's psychological parallelism
Actual environment is not what we perceive
There is no simple point to point correspondence between events in the brain and events in experience |
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Term
| Principle of perceptual organization |
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Definition
Continuity
Proximity
Inclusiveness
Similarity
Closure
Symmetry
Figure/ground |
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Term
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Definition
Transition from no solution to solution is sudden & complete
Performance based on insight learning smooth & errorless
Solutions gained by insight are lengthily retained and are transposable |
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Term
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Definition
Organisms learn principles or relationships that are not specific responses to specific situations
Once it learns a principle, the organism applies to similar situations |
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Term
| Geographical and behavioural environment |
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Definition
Geographical = actual environment
Behavioural = understood/perceived environment
Man on lake/field example |
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Term
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Definition
Memory process = physical event/specific event in brain
Memory trace = when the physical event stops, the event in the brain stops but it leaves a trace
Trace system = consolidation of a number of interrelated experiences (e.g., catness) |
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Term
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Definition
Life space is what's important in psychology
Includes person and environment
Behaviour is a function of the person and the environment |
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Term
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Definition
Approach-approach
Avoidance-avoidance
Approach-avoidance |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain becomes saturated and needs a break |
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Term
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Definition
| Perceive something in a way that makes the most sense to us |
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Term
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Definition
| Understanding the structure of the problem |
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Term
| Principle of contemporaneity |
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Definition
| Only current facts can influence a person (Lewin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Tendency to remember unfinished tasks |
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