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| One who studies the orgin, history and structure of earth. |
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| Where a place is located relative to another location |
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| A diagram that shows North, South, East and West |
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(North, East, South and West)
Two short lines that cross as right angles (plus sign) The points at the end are labeled North, East, South, West.
These are the four main directions. |
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A more complicated compass rose has lines between the cardinal points. These lines show intermediate directions.
They are northeast, southeast, southwest, and northwest. |
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| A box or other display on a map that explains the meanings of the symbols used on the map. |
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| Another name for a map legend. Describes the pictures/symbols that are used on a map. |
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| The system of imaginary lines (called parallels of latitude and meridians of longitude) used to divide the surface of Earth on maps and globes. |
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| Labeled 0 degrees from which all other degrees of longitude are measured. The prime meridian passes through Greenwich, Englad. |
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| The meridian of longitude located at 180 degrees. By international agreement, the date is one day earlier to the east of this line. |
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| a set of numbers that together describe the exact location of something, such as a place on a map. |
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| An element of a map that shows how a unit of distance on a map (such as an inch) relates to actual distance on the surface of earth. |
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| One half of a sphere. Earth can be divided into eastern and western hemispheres or into northern and southern hemispheres. |
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| A very long unbroken section of land |
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| Revolution and the Seasons |
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| How the earth's tilt creates the seasons during our planet's year long trip around the sun. Notice that the seasons are reversed in the Northern and Southern hemispheres. |
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| The northernmost line of latitude where the sun's rays ever beat down straight. This line marks the northern limit of the tropical zone. |
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| The southernmost line of latitude where the sun's rays ever beat straight down. This line marks the southern limit of the tropical zone. |
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| The area between the equator and the Tropic of Cancer and between the equator and the Tropic of Capricorn, where the climate is generally hot. |
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| The line of latitude at 60 degrees/30 degrees that marks the boundary of the southern polar zone. |
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| The area between the Arctic Circle and the North Pole or between the Antarctic Circle and hte South Pole, where the climate is generally cold. |
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| The area between earth's tropical zones and polar zones, where the climate is relatively mild. |
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| A circular map that shows size accurately at its center, but not distance or shape. Good for showing areas around the North or South pole. |
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| Show directions, but distort size. |
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| A way to deal with distortion. This is a particular way of showing Earth on a flat surface. |
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