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| Is how bright a star appears when viewed from Earth. |
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| The concept that the more distant an object is in space, the farther in its past we are observing its light. |
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| Is the use of the senses to gather and record information. |
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| States the universe is both infinitely large and eternal, and space is neither expanding nor contracting. |
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| Hertzsprung-Russell diagram |
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| Diagram that shows the relationship between a stars brightness and its temperature. |
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| The branch of astronomy devoted to the study of the physical characteristics and composition of objects in the sky. |
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| Are composed of liquid and frozen gases and orbit outside the asteroid belt. |
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| A statement about what happens in nature that seems to be true 100% of the time is . |
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| A term used to describe objects believed to be fuzzy patches of luminous gas and dust |
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| Gets several thousand times brighter in a few days, and then fades to its original brightness over several months. |
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| Includes all fields of natural science related to the planet we live on. |
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| May include the use of sight, hearing, or touch. |
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| Answers sought by this field include; How did the Universe begin? When did it begin? Where did it come from? and How will it end? |
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| Is 100 to 1000 times the size of the sun. |
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| The science that deals with the earth's physical structure and substance, its history, and the processes that act on it is called |
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| s what a scientist believes is most likely true. |
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| A branch of philosophy (not science) exploring the fundamental questions, including the nature of concepts like being, existence and reality. |
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| A pair of stars that are bound together by gravity. |
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| The continuous flow of charged particles released from the upper atmosphere of the Sun. |
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| A suggested, testable answer to a well-defined scientific question. |
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| Describes the amount of light that a star actually emits |
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| Is the branch of geology that studies the materials, structure, and surface features of the earth and the geologic processes that form them. |
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| Is caused by a light source that is moving away from the observer. |
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| Generally makes things easier to visualize and understand. |
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| CMB (cosmic microwave background) |
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| Radiation that was left over from an early stage of the universe like a distant flash from the Big Bang itself. |
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| Is a very large, cool, bright star. |
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| Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars are made of rock and dust. |
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| Tests the validity of a given hypothesis |
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| When plotted on a graph that compares surface temperature to brightness, most stars with average mass, lie within a narrow band which crosses the graph diagonally from lower right to upper left. |
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| The sun and planets condensed out of a large rotating cloud of dust and gas. |
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| Faster expansion of the universe would have produced more of these. |
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| Represents something that is too complex, difficult or dangerous to observe or test directly. |
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| Stars that brighten and then fade in a regular repeating pattern over time. |
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| The amount by which you look into the past is equal to the distanc the is galaxy measured in. |
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| The branch of Geology that tries to reconstruct the geologic events of Earth's past. |
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| What color is the longest wavelength of visible light? |
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| Could affect the results of an experiment. |
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| Model that was first proposed and supported by Einstein. |
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| A large cloud of gas and dust in space. |
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| This is the “Effect” in a cause and effect relationship. |
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| Stars with very high mass may expand and form this at the end of their life. |
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| Studies the composition, processes and phenomena of the atmosphere. |
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| Is controlled and changed by the experimenter in order to see how it effects other factors. |
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| The distance a beam of light would cover in 1 year. |
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| Includes everything from the composition and movements of sea water to the plants and animals that live in it. |
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| Are always in numeric (number) form. |
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| Orbit around a mutual fixed point in space called the center of mass. |
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| The current theory of how our solar system formed. |
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| Recorded observations or items of information. |
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| A formation of stars, like Orion or The Big Dipper. |
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| Studies celestial objects, space, and the physical universe outside of our planet. |
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| Responds to changes in another factor. |
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| is used to measure distances to things that are relatively close. |
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| Is forecasting the weather. |
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| Describe actions, color, textures, and other traits not easily measured. |
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| The properties of dark matter, dark energy, black holes and worm holes would be part of the science. |
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