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| the idea that earth's processes today are the same as they were in the past; earths forccs operating at the same pace and intensity that has characterized them through geologic history; proposed by Hutton and Lyell |
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| earth's ridges, valleys, and other surface features; the undulations and configuartions, including relief, that give earths surface its texture |
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| the doctrine that changes in the earth’s crust result from catastrophes rather than evolutionary processes; places the vastness of Earth’s age and the complexity of its rocks into a shortened time span; holds that Earth is young and that mountains, plains, and canyons formed through catastrophic events that did not require eons of time; more of a belief than serious scientific hypothesis |
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| developed by wind (type of landform) |
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| caused by moving water (type of landform) |
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| caused by waves (type of landform) |
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| the condition that occurs in a system when rates of input and output are equal and the amounts of energy and stored matter are nearly constant around a stable output |
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| increasing or decreasing operations in a system demonstrate a trend over time, a change in average conditions |
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