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Geometry Terminology
Geometry Terminology and Definitions
35
Mathematics
4th Grade
04/15/2009

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Term
Polygon
Definition
A 2-dimensional figure with straight-line segments
Term
Triangle
Definition
A polygon with 3 sides
Term
Quadrilateral
Definition
A 4-sided, closed, simple figure
Term
Pentagon
Definition
A polygon with 5 sides
Term
Hexagon
Definition
A polygon with 6 sides
Term
Rhombus
Definition
A parallelogram with 4 equal sides
Term
Parallelogram
Definition
A quadrilateral with 2 pairs of parallel sides
Term
Rectangle
Definition
A parallelogram with right angles
Term
Square
Definition
A rectangle with equal sides
Term
Trapezoid
Definition
A quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides
Term
Kite
Definition
A quadrilateral with at least one pair of parallel sides
Term
Parallel
Definition
Two lines that never intersect
Term
Perpendicular
Definition
Two lines that intersect at right angles
Term
Equilateral
Definition
A triangle with 3 congruent sides
Term
Isosceles
Definition
A triangle with at least 2 congruent sides
Term
Scalene
Definition
A triangle with no congruent sides
Term
Convex
Definition
A polygon with all angles less than 180 degrees
Term
Concave
Definition
A polygon with at least one angle greater than 180 degrees
Term
Line of Symmetry
Definition
Separates a figure into two congruent parts such that each point in one part is reflected in the other part
Term
Congruence
Definition
Shapes that have the same size and shape
Term
Similarity
Definition
Shapes whose corresponding angles are equal and corresponding sides are in the same ratio
Term
Transformations
Definition
Motions with images such as sliding, flipping, rotating
Term
Polyhedron
Definition
Any solid whose faces are all polygons
Term
Face
Definition
A two-dimensional polygon that forms one of the sides of a polyhedron
Term
Vertex
Definition
A point at which 3 or more edges come together
Term
Edge
Definition
A straight edge formed by 2 faces
Term
Cylinder
Definition
Two bases that are congruent and in parallel planes and all lines joining corresponding points on the bases are parallel
Term
Circular Cylinder
Definition
Has two faces that are congruent circles joined by a curved surface
Term
Prism
Definition
A solid that has congruent and parallel bases (top and bottom) joined by rectangular faces
Term
Cube
Definition
A cylinder whose faces are congruent
Term
Cone
Definition
3-dimensional shapes with at least one face called the base and a vertex that is outside the base
Term
Pyramid
Definition
Cones with polygons as the base
Term
Face Model
Definition
Models that emphasize faces (eg. Paper tubes)
Term
Edge Model
Definition
Models that emphasize edges (eg. toothpicks & gumdrops)
Term
Spatial Reasoning
Definition
Thinking mentally about manipulating two- and three-dimensional objects
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