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Geometry-Chapter 3
Chapter 3 Definitions
46
Mathematics
9th Grade
09/03/2009

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Term
angle
Definition
the union of two rays or segments that have the same endpoint
Term
acute angle
Definition
0 < m < 90
Term
right angle
Definition
m = 90
Term
obtuse angle
Definition
90 < m < 180
Term
adjacent angles
Definition
two nonstraight and nonzero angles with a common side interior to the angle formed by the noncommon sides
Term
angle bisector
Definition
the ray in the interior of an angle that divides the angle into two angles of equal measure
Term
complementary angles
Definition
two angles with measures that sum to 90 degrees
Term
supplementary angles
Definition
two angles with measures that sum to 180 degrees
Term
linear pair
Definition
two adjacent angles are a linear pair if and only if their noncommon sides are opposite rays.
Term
vertical angles
Definition
two nonstraight angles are vertical angles if and only if the union of their sides is two lines
Term
proof
Definition
a sequence of justified conclusions, leading from what is given or known to a final conclusion
Term
concurrent
Definition
having a point in common
Term
transformation
Definition
a correspondence between two sets of points such that each point in the preimage set has exactly one image and each point in the image set has exactly one preimage
Term
perpendicular
Definition
two segments, rays, or lines such that the lines containing them form a 90˚ angle
Term
bisector of a segment
Definition
a line, ray, or segment that intersects a segment at its midpoint but does not contain the segment
Term
perpendicular bisector
Definition
In a plane, the line that bisects and is perpendicular to the segment.
Term
Reflexive Property of Equality
Definition
a=a
Term
Symmetric Property of Equality
Definition
If a=b, then b=a.
Term
Transitive Property of Equality
Definition
If a=b and b=c, then a=c.
Term
Addition Property of Equality
Definition
If a=b, then a+c = b+c.
Term
Multiplication Property of Equality
Definition
If a=b, then ac=bc.
Term
Transitive Property of Inequality
Definition
If a is less than b and b is less than c, then a is less than c.
Term
Addition Property of Inequality
Definition
If a is less than b then a + c is less than b + c.
Term
Multiplication Property of Inequality
Definition
If a is less than b and c is positive, then ac is less than bc. If a is less than b and c is negative, then ac is greater than bc.
Term
Equation of Inequality Property
Definition
If a + b = c then a is less than c and b is less than c.
Term
Substitution Property
Definition
If a = b, then b can be substituted in for a in any expression.
Term
Linear Pair Theorem
Definition
If two angles form a linear pair, then they are supplementary.
Term
Vertical Angles Theorem
Definition
If two angles are vertical angles then their measures are equal.
Term
Corresponding Angles Postulate
Definition
Two corresponding angles have the same measure if and only if the lines are parallel.
Term
minor arc
Definition
a part of a circle with a measure less than 180 degrees
Term
major arc
Definition
a part of a circle with a measure between 180 and 360 degrees
Term
semicircle
Definition
an arc with a measure of 180 degrees
Term
central angle
Definition
an angle with its vertex at the center of a circle
Term
zero angle
Definition
m = 0
Term
straight angle
Definition
m = 180
Term
pre-image
Definition
the original figure
Term
image
Definition
figure after a transformation with labels A'B'C'
Term
Magnitude
Definition
degree of rotation that is positive if it goes counterclockwise and negative if it goes clockwise
Term
Angle Addition Postulate
Definition
If two angles are adjacent then the two angles add to give you the whole outside angle.
Term
transversal
Definition
any line that cuts at least two other lines
Term
parallel lines and slopes theorem
Definition
two nonvertical lines are parallel if and only if they have the same slope
Term
transitivity of parallelism theorem
Definition
If l is parallel to m and m is parallel to n, then l is parallel to n.
Term
Size Change Theorem
Definition
Under a size change the new lines are parallel to the original lines, points that were collinear remain collinear, and angle measures do not change size.
Term
Two Perpendiculars Theorem
Definition
If two coplanar lines l and m are each perpendicular to the same line, then they are parallel to each other.
Term
Perpendicular to Parallels Theorem
Definition
In a plane, if a line is perpendicular to on of two parallel lines, then it is also perpendicular to the other.
Term
Perpendicular Lines and Slopes Theorem
Definition
Two nonvertical lines are perpendicular if and only if the product of their slopes is -1 (aka opposite reciprocals)
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