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Geometry 1st Semester Terms
theorems and definitions
52
Mathematics
10th Grade
12/15/2010

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Term
triangle
Definition
three non-collinear points connected by segments
Term
statement
Definition
P->Q
Term
converse
Definition
Q->P
Term
inverse
Definition
~P->~Q
Term
contrapositive
Definition
~Q->~P
Term
Thm: If a statement is true,
Definition
then its contrapositive is true.
Term
perpendicular
Definition
If lines, rays, or segments intersect at a 90 degree angle, then they are perpendicular.
Term
complementary angles
Definition
if two angle have a sum of 90 degrees, then they are complementary
Term
supplementary angles
Definition
if two angles have a sum of 180 degrees, then they are supplementary
Term
Thm: If angles are supp(or comp) to the same angle,
Definition
then they are congruent.
Term
If two angles are supp (or comp) to congruent angles,
Definition
then they are congruent.
Term
Multiplication property
Definition
Goes from small to big
Term
Division property
Definition
goes from big to small
Term
Opposite rays
Definition
If two collinear rays have the same endpoint and extend in different directions, then they are opposite rays.
Term
vertical angles
Definition
If the sides of two angles are formed by opposite rays, then they are vertical angles.
Term
Congruent triangles
Definition
all pairs of corresponding parts are congruent
Term
Reflexive property
Definition
Any segment or angle is congruent to itself.
Term
Euclidean transformations
Definition
In now way alter "the shape" of a shape.
Term
SSS congruency postulate
Definition
side side side congruency postulate
Term
ASA congruency postulate
Definition
angle, included side, angle congruency postulate
Term
SAS congruency postulate
Definition
side, included angle, side congruency postulate
Term
AAS congruency theorem
Definition
angle, angle, not included but alas corresponding side congruency theorem
Term
CPCTC
Definition
corresponding parts of congruent triangles are congruent
Term
circle
Definition
a set of all points on a plane whose distance from a center point is fixed
Term
radius
Definition
a segment from the center of a circle to the rim
Term
Thm: All radii
Definition
are congruent.
Term
Thm: All radii of congruent circles
Definition
are congruent.
Term
median
Definition
a segment drawn from the vertex of a triangle to the midpoint of the opposite side
Term
altitude
Definition
a segment drawn from a vertex of a triangle to the opposite side, EXTENDED IF NECESSARY, that is perpendicular to that side.
Term
scalene triangle
Definition
a triangle in which no sides are congruent
Term
isosceles triangle
Definition
a triangle in which at least two sides are congruent
Term
equilateral triangle
Definition
a triangle in which all three sides are congruent
Term
right triangle
Definition
a triangle with one right angle
Term
Isosceles triangle theorem
Definition
If two sides of a triangle are congruent, then the angles opposite them will also be congruent.
Term
converse of the isos congruency thm
Definition
If two angles of a triangle are congruent, then the sides opposite them will also be congruent.
Term
Appeli thm
Definition
All equilateral triangles are equiangular.
Term
Thm: If two sides of a triangle are not congruent
Definition
then the angles opposite them are not congruent
Term
Thm: If two angles in a triangle are not congruent
Definition
then the sides opposite them will also not be congruent.
Term
The HL Theorem
Definition
If a corresponding leg and hypotenuse in right triangles are congruent, then the triangles are congruent.
Term
Thm: If two angles are both supp and congruent to each other,
Definition
then they are right angles.
Term
distance
Definition
the length of the shortest path joining two objects
Term
Postulate: a segment is the shortest
Definition
path between two points.
Term
perpendicular bisector
Definition
the LINE that is perpendicular to and bisects the segment
Term
Equidistance Theorem
Definition
If two points are each equidistant from the endpoints of a segment, then they determine the perp bis of that segment.
Term
Equidistance theorem 2
Definition
If a point is on the perp bis of a segment, then the point is equidistant from the endpoints of that segment.
Term
Angle bisector theorem
Definition
If a point is on the angle bisector of an angle, then it is equidistant from the sides of that angle.
Term
Plane
Definition
a surface such that if any two points on that surface are connected by a line, any point on that line will also be on the surface.
Term
transversal
Definition
a LINE that intersects two COPLANAR lines at TWO distinct points
Term
parallel lines
Definition
two coplanar lines that do not intersect
Term
skew lines
Definition
two noncoplanar lines that do not intersect
Term
maximum number of points that must be on a surface
Definition
three
Term
In parallel lines, must be congruent
Definition
alternate interior angles, alternate exterior angles, corresponding angles
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