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Geology final cards
geology notecards
24
Geology
Undergraduate 1
12/16/2008

Additional Geology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
how are waves produced?
Definition
wind blowing across open water
Term
emergent coastlines
Definition
formerly submerged features now exposed on land (ocean terraces)
Term
submergent coastlines
Definition
formerly exposed features now submerged (Estuaries, Fjords)
Term
Ocean terraces
Definition
wave-cut benches that have been uplifted
Term
estuaries
Definition
drowned river valleys
Term
Fjords
Definition
Drowned glacial valleys
Term
Sand Transport- Longshore Drift
Definition
Movement parallel to beach
Term
Sand Transport- movement perpendicular to beach
Definition
storm vs. fair weather raves
Term
beach erosion
Definition
sand transfer
Term
what happens to waves in the winter?
Definition
winter produces storm waves which pull sand offshore
Term
west coast processes
Definition
steep slopes, relatively quick sand loss
Term
East coast processes
Definition
gentle slopes; relatively slow sand loss
Term
What dictates whether a beach zone is small or large
Definition
it is controlled by sand outlets; the more sand outlets the bigger the zone
Term
Barrier Islands
Definition
Large sand bars that stand above sea level
Term
beach stabilization
Definition
Attempts to keep the beach in its current location and form
Term
Hard stabilization
Definition
working against beach processes-–Groins, jetties, breakwaters, seawalls.
Term
Soft stabilization
Definition
working with beach processes–Beach replenishment, advanced structures.
Term
Groins
Definition
intercept longshore drifts-Walls perpendicular to beach trap sand on one side.–Current picks up new sand on the other.
Term
jetties
Definition
maintain inlets-Walls perpendicular to beach trap sand on one side.–Current picks up new sand on the other
Term
Island migration
Definition
Islands cut off from longshore drift migrate back
Term
breakwaters
Definition
block waves-Walls parallel to beach trap kill longshore drift.–Sand dumped behind wall
Term
seawalls
Definition
armor the dune line
Term
beach replenishment
Definition
importing sand; expensive and short lived
Term
what are some storm effects
Definition
wind damage; storm surge; low pressure + high winds= ocean bulge
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