Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Between existing layers of rock |
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Term
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Definition
Intrusive igneous rock
large scale underground mamga that is cooled |
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Term
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Definition
Low silica
45% of SiO2
Hawaii
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Term
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Definition
60% of SiO2
Cascades Mts
Mt.St. Helens
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Term
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Definition
Silica rich (75%) SiO2
Yellowstone |
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Term
Intermediate crystals
Porpheritic |
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Definition
You can see some crystals
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Term
Can't see crystals
Aphanitic
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Definition
Fast (rapid) cooling
basalt @ surface
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Term
Can you see crystals?
Phaneritic
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Definition
Slow cooling
granite ---> underground
you can see all crystals
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-crystal size
-how fast magma/lava cooled
-you can see crystals
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Term
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Definition
-DON'T MELT
created when submitted to heat and pressure |
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Term
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Definition
-cemented together
-lifhified bits of pre-existing rocks/minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| -Anything that cools crystalize from magma/lava |
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Term
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Definition
-Different mineral
-identical chemical composition
-different bond |
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Term
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Definition
-STRONG (gold)
-malleable and electricially conductive |
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Term
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Definition
WEAK! (graphite)
-weak attractions
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Term
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Definition
-moderatelly strong (halite)
-opposite charged ions attract each other
-soulluable in Water |
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Term
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Definition
VERY STRONG! (Diamond)
-group of atoms share electrons |
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Term
| Principle of Original Horzontialy |
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Definition
-When you deposit material you will deposit in a horazontal plane
______
______
______ |
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Term
Principle of Superposition
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Definition
Younger layers are deposited on older layers
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Term
| Principle of Cross-Cutting |
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Definition
| C is younger than b which is younger than a |
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Term
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Definition
| amount of time it takes to break isotope to a daugter isotope |
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Term
| Orderly Internal Structure |
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Definition
| Atoms are aranged in a systematic way |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Forms by natural processes |
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Term
| Definite chemical composition |
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Definition
| -Consist of one or more chemical elements |
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Term
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Definition
Freezing of a liquid
WATER to ICE |
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Term
| Precipitation from a solution |
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Definition
-salt crystals from water
- clogged coffee pot |
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Term
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Definition
| Slow movement of atoms through a solid |
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Term
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Definition
- Parts of the universe we select to study
(Plants, Volcaons, Ocean Basin) |
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Term
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Definition
| Assumes that we are responsible not only to other people and society but also to the total enviornment. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
# of people added to the population each year
% of people added each year |
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Term
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Definition
1. Human Population -# 1
2. Systainability
3. Earth as a system
4. Hazardous earth processes
5. scientific knowledge
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Term
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Definition
| Science of processes related to the composition, structure, and history of the earth |
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Term
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Definition
-Big Assumption
-Natural world behaves in a consistant & predictable manner
(understnad and underline patterns) |
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Term
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Definition
-by Hulton
"The Present is the Key to the Past"
-Understanding present process
(floods happen) |
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Term
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Definition
| Measure of time it takes for total stock or supply of the material to cycle through the system |
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Term
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Definition
| Reconizes that scientific proof is not possible in most instances. |
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Term
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Definition
| Analyzing change in an open system |
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Term
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Definition
| Study the entire planet system |
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Term
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Definition
| Future generations will have equal acess to the resources that our plannet offers |
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Term
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Definition
amount of time it takes to break down parent isotope to a daughter isotope
#1. 10%k -----> 1.3 BY =5%
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Term
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Definition
Homogenous
&
Definite Chemical Composition |
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Term
| Orderly Internal Structure |
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Definition
Atoms are aranged in a systematic way
-they same in every simple of that particular mineral |
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Term
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Definition
| Maintains its shape regaurdless of containor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
An orderly internal structure
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Term
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Definition
| Single continous solid in which the atoms ions or molecules are packed, regular, ordered pattern |
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Term
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Definition
| They have a flat surface or crystals face the outward result or the internal structure. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Solidification of a melt
2. Precipitation from a solution
3. Solid state diffusion |
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Term
| Solidification of a melt? |
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Definition
freezing of a liquid
--> water to ice
When magma or lave cools, it "freezes" to produce crystals. |
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Term
| Precipitation from a solution? |
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Definition
Salt crystals from water
---> clogged coffee pot |
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Term
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Definition
| Slow movement of atoms trhough a solid |
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Term
| 4 Types of Chemical Bonds |
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Definition
1. Covalent Bonds
2. Ionic Bonds
3. Vander Waals Bond
4. Metalic Bond |
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Term
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Definition
(SiO4)
Quartz, Feldspar, Olovine
Makes up 98% by wight of the earths crust |
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Term
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Definition
(SiO2)
- resists weathering, common in sand
Common Crust |
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Term
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Definition
60% of the Earth's crust-most abundant crystal rock forming minerals
Feldspar weathers to clay
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Term
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Definition
| Translucent or dark sheets |
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Term
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Definition
Olivine(mantle) prozene amphibole
These are unstable at the earth's surface and weather easily |
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Term
Calcite --> (CaCo3)
*Carbonates |
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Definition
Calcium Carbonate- limestone
-environmentally most important carbonate |
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Term
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Definition
- 75% SiO2)
- Granite ( Phaneritic)
- Rhyolite(Aphanetic)
Yellowstone
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Term
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Definition
-60% SiO2
-Diorite (phaneritic)
Andesite(Apheanetic)
Cascade Mts
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Term
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Definition
-45& SiO2
-Gabbro
-Basalt
Hawaii |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Conglomerate/Breccia
-Sandstone
-Siltstone/Shale |
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Term
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Definition
-Salt/halite--> NaCl
-Limestone |
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Term
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Definition
Heat and Pressure
Foliated
Non Foliated |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Marble--> Limestone(SiO2)
-Quartzite
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Term
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Definition
What it is before
-Marble - before was limestone
Gneiss- before was shale |
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Term
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Definition
1. Low Temp- High Pressure
2. High temp- High Pressure
3.High Temp- Low Pressure |
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Term
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Definition
1. Weather Erosian
2. Transport/Deposition
3. Lifhification
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