Term
| What two things happen when two continents collide? |
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Definition
1. form mountains
2. slow, then stop |
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Term
| What are the three plate boundaries? |
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Definition
1. convergant
2. Divergent
3. Transform |
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Term
| What is the geology of Convergant boundaries? |
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Definition
they move together.
1. Ocean-Continent collision. (old sea floor destroyed).
2. Continent-continent collision. Mountain building.
3. Ocean Ocean collision. Old seafloor destroyed by subduction. |
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Term
| Example of continent-continent convergance? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the geology of a divergent boundary? |
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Definition
they move apart
1. Ocean-Ocean collision (new seafloor created/ocean basin breaks open)
2. Continent-Continent (Continent breaks apart, new Ocean basin opens) |
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Term
| What is the Geological feature of Ocean-Ocean divergance? For continent-continent divergance? |
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Definition
| O-O: mid-ocean ridge C-C: Continental rift |
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Term
| What is the geological feature for Ocean-ocean convergance? O-C convergance? C-C convergance? |
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Definition
O-O: Ocean trench
O-C: Ocean Trench
C-C: Mountain range |
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Term
| What is the geology of Transform boundaries? |
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Definition
they slide past each other.
1. Ocean (seafloor conserved)
2. Continent (seafloor conserved) |
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Term
| What is the geological feature for an Ocean transform? A continent Transform? |
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Definition
Ocean: Transform fault
Continent: Transform fault |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three eras the Phanerozoic Eon is divided into? |
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Definition
| 1. Paleozoic era 2. Mesozoic era 3. Cenozoic era |
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Term
| What age is of the Cenozoic era? What age is of the Mesozoic era? What age is of the Paleozoic era? |
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Definition
| 1. cesozoic: 65 2. Mesozoic: 245 3. Paleozoic: 550 |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three types of collisional boundaries? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is so important about the hyposographic curve? |
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Definition
| it is a graph (depth vs. area) that measures land-water relationships. It is used to show the volume of land above sea level and ocean below sea level. |
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Term
| What are the three layers of Earth? |
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Definition
| 1. crust 2. mantle 3. core |
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Term
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Definition
| specific, fixed areas of volcanic activity. Do NOT move. Form Island Arcs and Volcanoes |
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Term
| Where are hot spots found? |
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Definition
| under continents and oceans, in the center of plates, and in mid-ocean ridges |
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Term
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Definition
| carbonate-compensation depth. It is the depth which the amount of material preserved falls below 20% of total sediment |
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Term
| Where are MAFIC and FELSIC rocks? |
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Definition
| MAFIC: coral rock/below sea level/in mantle FELSIC: rock above sea level F |
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Term
| Where are ice-rafted sentiments found? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are mountains of the ocean different from mountains on land? |
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Definition
| Mid-ocean ridges (mountains of ocean)never reach the surface. There are no convection cells under the land. |
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Term
| What do the Red Sea and the Gulf of CA have in common? |
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Definition
| both are being pulled apart because they have mid-ocean ridge in the center |
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Term
| Why do the world's largest rivers flow into the Atlantic and not the pacific? |
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Definition
| because the Pacific has the Appalachian mountains blocking entry |
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Term
| What are the two autotroph sediments? The two heterotropic sediments? |
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Definition
| AUTOTROPH: Diatoms and Coccliths HETEROTROPHIC: Radiolarians and Forams |
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Term
| Are diatoms glass or chalk? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are coccaliths glass or chalk? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are radiolarians chalk or glass? |
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Definition
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Term
| Are forams chalk or glass? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are submarine canyons? |
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Definition
| canyons that sometimes extend up to and across the continental shelf. Found on continental slopes. Steep-sided with a V-shape depression |
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Term
| How are submarine canyons formed? |
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Definition
| fast moving sediments can overload on the shore and they flow down, picking up sediment as they gain speed and erode a slope then called a submarine canyon |
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Term
| What are the sides of continents called? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the hyposographic curve show about earth? |
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Definition
| part of continents are covered with water |
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Term
| What do hot spots tell us? |
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Definition
| where to expect active volcanoes |
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Term
| What is the importance of MAFIC and FELSIC rocks? |
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Definition
| Mafic rocks are undersea--form mid-ocean ridges. FELSIC rocks are lighter material form continents. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| animals that feed off other animals |
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Term
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Definition
| sediments made up from ocean critters |
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Term
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Definition
| one celled organisms. Hard-shelled organisms that die and fall to sea floor and collect there until sediments build up |
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Term
| What are the four protozoas? |
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Definition
| 1. Diatoms 2. radiolarians 3. Coccoliths 4. Forams |
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Term
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Definition
| the science of investigation of fossil magnetism in rocks |
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Term
| What is paleomagnetism shown for? |
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Definition
| how the polarity of North and South poles switched. Each time volcanic material is solid, it records the magnetic orientation of that time period |
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Term
| What is the fate of the Mediterranean sea? |
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Definition
| in 1985, Toxic algae spread into the M.S. and is now smothing sea life and is toxic to fish. Most sewege is flowing into M.S. and is being left untreated |
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Term
| How has plate movement affected the thickness and age of oceanic sediments? |
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Definition
| both thickness and age increase with plate movement |
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Term
| Where are the three hotspots now? |
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Definition
| 1. Hawaii 2. Iceland 3. Yellowstone |
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Term
| What are chemographic sediments? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is important about the San Andreas fault? |
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Definition
| it's caused many of California's most severe earthquakes and has helped form CA landscape and rich minerals |
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Term
| Why are the rocks in Seirra Nevada where they are? |
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Definition
| because that land used to be covered in ocean but the continent diverged and it became dry land |
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Term
| leading edge VS trailing edge of continent? |
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Definition
LEADING: front of plate that guides where it moves to
TRAILING: back end of plate. oceans develop a ridge of lava mountains on this plate. (shoreline) |
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