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Geology 105 Exam 1
Review for the first exam in Geology 105
52
Geology
Undergraduate 1
03/06/2011

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Cards

Term
The society that lived on ______________ was destroyed by environmental degradation.
Definition
Easter Island
Term
_______________________ states that fossil organisms originate, coexist, and disappear from the geologic record in a definite sequential order.
Definition
The Law of Fossil Succession
Term
Environmental Geology is _________________.
Definition
Applied Geology
Term
__________ is the kind of growth that starts with a small incline that quickly increases to a very steep incline that does not seem like it will stop.
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Definition
Exponential Growth
Term
_______________ is the maximum number of a population of species that may be maintained within a particular environment without degrading the ability of that environment to maintain that population int he future.
Definition
Carrying Capacity
Term
Once we _______ the carrying capacity we see severe environmental degradation
Definition
Exceed
Term
__________________ is the deterioration of the environment through depletion of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife.
Definition
Environmental Degradation
Term
To meet future resource demands we have to ______________.
Definition
Recycle
Term
An __________________ is a system which continuously interacts with its environment.
Definition
Open System
Term
_________________ means that "The present is the key to the past."
Definition
Uniformitarianism
Term
_______________ said "The present is the key to the past."
Definition
James Hutton?
Term
_________________ means that it is impossible to change only one thing; everything affects everything else.
Definition
Environmental Unity
Term
Humans first evolved during the ____________.
Definition
Plasticine
Term
The number one environmental problem is the ___________________.
Definition
Exponential Growth of Human Population
Term
A hypothesis that has withstood extensive amounts of testing is a _____________.
Definition
Theory
Term
A boundary between drainage basins is a ________________.
Definition
Drainage Divide
Term
Vegetation _____________ runoff
Definition
Decreases
Term
The reason _____________ decreases runoff is that the _____________ will intercept the raindrops at terminal velocity and slow it down which prevents it from tearing up the soil.
Definition
Vegetation (x2)
Term
________ can serve as an aquatard.
Definition
Clay
Term
An _____________ is a well that has water in it.
Definition
Artesian Well
Term
There ________________ between an artesian well an a flowing well.
Definition
Is A Difference
Term
The term _________________ implies that pumping can exceed an aquifers recharge time.
Definition
Groundwater Mining
Term
Surface water and ground water are part of ___________________.
Definition
An Interconnected System
Term
The trend in water use in the United States ___________ around 1980.
Definition
Peaked
Term
The transfer of water between underground reservoirs, the transfer of water between he sky and solid earth, is the _________________.
Definition
Hydrologic Cycle
Term
A _______________ is a water-bearing stratum that is confined or overlain by a rock layer that *does not transmit water* in any appreciable amount or that is *impermeable*.
Definition
Confined Aquifer
Term
The over-pumping of groundwater from a well will create a __________________.
Definition
Cone of Depression
Term
The ability of Earth material to transmit water is ______________.
Definition
Permeability
Term
An ____________ will gain water from an aquifer.
Definition
Influent Stream
Term
________________ does not remove or divert water from its reservoir.
Definition
Instream Water Use
Term
The primary consumers of freshwater in the United States are _____________________.
Definition
Irrigation and Thermoelectric
Term
A _______________ is an area of land whose soil is saturated with moisture either permanently or seasonally.
Definition
Wetland
Term
Environmental _____________ is something i don't have the definition of. help?
Definition
Philosophy
Term
The ______________ is one of the most prolific artesian aquifers in the world.
Definition
Edwards Aquifer
Term
Hurricane Floyd dramatically added to the water pollution of North Carolina by ___________________.
Definition
Setting Forth A Volley of Dead Pig Juices To the Sea
Term
________________ is used to measure the levels of decaying organic matter in water.
Definition
B.O.D.
Term
The _________________ was the law in 1972 that largely eliminated waterborne diseases in the US.
Definition
Clean Water Act of 1972
Term
_________________ occurs because Mercury moves up through the aquatic food chain, and as it does that, it magnifies.
Definition
Bio-magnification of Mercury
Term
____________ is still considered a water pollutant because it is a resource that is where it should not be.
Definition
Sediment
Term
______________________ refers to the outflow of acidic water from (usually abandoned) metal mines or coal mines.In many localities the liquid that drains from coal stocks, coal handling facilities, coal washeries, and even coal waste tips can be highly acidic, and in such cases it is treated as acid rock drainage
Definition
Acid Mine Drainage
Term
Outside of Ohio, the __________________ is most famous for being "the river that caught fire", helping to spur the environmental movement in the late 1960s.
Definition
Cuyahoga River
Term
___________________ is the movement of saline water into freshwater aquifers.
Definition
Salt Water Intrusion
Term
The principle cause of _________________ is clay soil. (Grease and Sludge)
Definition
Septic Tank Failure
Term
___________________ can be problematic to put back into the environment because municipal wastewater treatment does not remove heavy metals such as Mercury, Cadmium, and Lead which can be harmful.
Definition
Municipal Wastewater Sludge
Term
______________ that happen in the soil are allowed by wastewater renovations. This purifies our water.
Definition
Natural Processes
Term
Coliform Bacteria is _____________.
Definition
Harmless
Term
B.O.D. shows how much _________________ is allowed in our water.
Definition
biodegradable organic matter
Term
_____________ has been a lesser problem in recent years but is *still* a problem
Definition
Waterborne Disease
Term
Since the ________________ in 1969, the clay water act of 1972, the river now considered wild and scenic, it has not degraded.
Definition
Cuyahoga River caught fire
Term
____________ is the name of the oil tanker that caused the oil spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska.
Definition
Dong Fang Ocean (current name, formerly Exxon Valdez)
Term
__________________ are diffused, intermittent, and hard to specifically identify.
Definition
Non-point Sources of Pollution
Term
________________ are discrete, confined, and are readily identifiable.
Definition
Point Sources of Pollution
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