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geology 1 rando midterm
rocks are stupid
22
Geology
Undergraduate 1
01/30/2011

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Term
the aesthenosphere is composed of rock rich in
Definition
basalt
Term
As a granitic magma (wet melt) rises toward the surface
Definition
its melting temp will increase, and it will tend to crystallize before it reaches the surface
Term
A partial melt of the atenosphere will tend to rise toward the surface because
Definition
the melt is less dense than the surrounding rock
Term
Pillow basalts form
Definition
when the basalt flow is erupted into water
Term
when two ocean plates converge
Definition
the older plate will be subducted
Term
When two ocean plates converge
Definition
the older plate will be subducted
Term
the most widely accepted explanation for the earths magnetic field
Definition
a movement of electrons in the molten iron of its outer core
Term
What kind of plate margin existed when the Appalachian Mountains formed during the Paleozeoic Era
Definition
convergent margin
Term
Diamond is harder than graphite because
Definition
diamonds have covalent bonds between its constituent atoms while graphite has vanderwahl bonds
Term
The Silicate tetrahedron (SiO4) has a net charge of
Definition
-4
Term
Why do terrestrial planets have so little molecular (gaseous) hydrogen
Definition
the terrestrial planents are close to the sun and the low density hydrogen was lost to space
Term
Why does the topographic expression of the Hawaiian Island become progressively lower from the big island
Definition
the ocean lithosphere is lighter over the hotspot and it floats higher
Term
Arrange the compositional zones of the earth according to their respective denstiry (densest to lightest)
Definition
inner core, outer core, mantle, ocean crust, continental crust
Term
What kind of plate margin is represented by the Andes Mountains
Definition
convergent margin
Term
Meteorites are thought to be composed of
Definition
materials hat are similar in composition to those found in the solid earth
Term
Which zone of the earth is also described as the "low velocity zone"
Definition
asthenosphere
Term
The melting temp of _____ must be reached in order for the earth to become compositionally zone
Definition
metallic Fe and Ni
Term
Transform plate boundaries are typically associated with
Definition
divergent margins where the rate of spreading is different along segments of the spreading ridge
Term
What is the significane of the change in direction of the Hawaiian Island chain and the Emperor Seamount chain
Definition
the tectonic plate on which both island on which both island chains sit changed directions
Term
Which tectonic margin would tend to have deep and shallow focused earthquakes
Definition
convergent
Term
S-waves____ as they travel through the outer core
Definition
are absorbed
Term
WHy is there a low velocity zone for seismic waves entering the asthenosphere
Definition
the athenosphere is a partial melt and seismic wave decelerate as they enter the phase change
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