Shared Flashcard Set

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Geography
Chapter Two
51
Mathematics
10th Grade
09/20/2009

Additional Mathematics Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

2.1

 

 

 

Half-line

Definition

 

 

 

The set of all points on a line on a given side of a given point on the line

Term

 

 

 

Line Seperation Postulate

Definition

 

 

 

Every point divides any line through that point into three disjoint sets: the point and two half-lines

Term

2.1

 

 

Ray

Definition

 

 

 

The union of a half line and it's origin

 

Extends infinitely in one direction from a point

Term

2.2

 

 

Segment

Definition

 

 

 

The set consisting of two points and all the points in between

Term

 

 

 

Plane Seperation Postulate

Definition

 

 

 

Every line divides any plane containing the line into three disjoint sets: the line and two half-planes

Term

2.3

 

 

Half-Plane

Definition

 

 

 

A subset of a plane consisting of all points on a given side of a line in the plane

Term

2.3

 

 

Edge of a half-plane

Definition

 

 

 

The line that separates that plane into two half-planes

Term

2.3

 

 

Opposite half-planes

Definition

 

 

 

The two half-planes that are separated by a particular line of the plane

Term

2.3

 

 

Angle

Definition

 

 

 

The union of two distinct rays with a common endpoint

Term

2.3

 

 

Sides of an angle

Definition

 

 

 

The two rays that form the angle

Term

2.3

 

 

Vertex of an angle

Definition

 

 

 

The common endpoint of the two rays

Term

2.3

 

 

Interior of an angle

Definition

 

 

 

The intersection of the two half-planes ech determined by a side of the angle and containing the other side (except for the vertex)

Term

2.3

 

 

Exterior of an angle

Definition

 

 

 

The compliment of the union of the angle and its interior

Term

2.4

 

 

Triangle

Definition

 

 

 

The union of segments that connect three noncollinear points

Term

2.4

 

 

Closed curve

Definition

 

 

 

A curve that begins and ends at the same point

Term

2.4

 

 

Simple curve

Definition

 

 

 

A curve that does not intersect itself

(unless the starting and ending points coincide)

Term

2.4

 

 

Simple closed curve

Definition

 

 

 

A simple curve that is also a closed curve

Term

2.4

 

 

Circle

Definition

 

 

 

The set of all points that are a given distance from a given point in a given plane

Term

2.4

 

 

Center of the circle

Definition

 

 

 

The given point in the plane

Term

2.4

 

 

Radius of a circle

Definition

 

 

 

A segment that connects a point on the circle with the center

Term

2.4

 

 

Chord of a circle

Definition

 

 

 

A segment having both endpoints on the circle

Term

2.4

 

 

Diameter

Definition

 

 

 

A chord that passes through the center of the circle

Term

2.4

 

 

 

Arc

Definition

 

 

 

A curve that is a subset of a circle

Term

2.4

 

 

Interior of a circle

Definition

 

 

 

The set of all planar points whose distance from the center of the circle is less than the length of the radius

Term

2.4

 

 

Exterior of a circle

Definition

 

 

 

The set of all planar points whose distance from the center is greater than the length of the radius

Term

2.4

 

 

Region

Definition

 

 

 

The union of a simple closed curve and its interior

 

The curve is the boundary of the region

Term

 

 

 

Jordan Curve Theorem

Definition

 

 

 

Any simple closed curve divides a plane into three disjoint sets: the curve itself, its interior, and its exterior

Term

2.5

 

 

Convex

Definition

 

 

Any two of its points determine a segment contained in the set

Term

2.5

 

 

Concave

Definition

 

 

 

A set that is not convex

Term

2.5

 

 

Polygon

Definition

 

 

 

A simple closed curve that consist only of segments

Term

2.5

 

 

Side of a polygon

Definition

 

 

 

One of the segments that define the polygon

Term

2.5

 

 

Vertex of a polygon

Definition

 

 

 

An endpoint of a side of the polygon

Term

2.5

 

 

Angle of a polygon

Definition

 

 

 

An angle with two properties: its vertex is a vertex of the polygon and each side of the angle contains a side of the polygon

Term

2.5

 

 

Equilateral Polygon

Definition

 

 

 

A polygon in which all sides have the same length

Term

2.5

 

 

Equilangular Polygon

Definition

 

 

 

A convex polygon in which all angles have the same degree measure

Term

2.5

 

 

Regular Polygon

Definition

 

 

 

A polygon that is both equilateral and equilangular

Term

2.5

 

 

Diagonal of a polygon

Definition

 

 

 

Any segment that connects two vertices but is not a side of the polygon

Term

2.5

 

 

Interior of a convex polygon

Definition

 

 

 

The intersection of the interiors of its angles

Term

2.5

 

 

Exterior of a convex polygon

Definition

 

 

 

The union of the exteriors of its angles

Term

2.6

 

 

Surface

Definition

 

 

 

A connected set of points in space having only the thickness of a point

Term

2.6

 

 

Sphere

Definition

 

 

 

A surface in space consisting of the set of all points at a given distance from a given point

Term

2.6

 

 

Radius of a sphere

Definition

 

 

 

a segment that connects a point of the sphere with the center

Term

2.6

 

 

Closed Surface

Definition

 

 

 

A surface with a finite size that divides other points in space into an interior and an exterior

Term

2.6

 

 

Solid

Definition

 

 

 

 

The union of a closed surface and its interior

Term

2.6

 

 

Cone

Definition

 

 

 

The union of a region and all segments that connect the boundary of the region with a specific  noncoplanar point

Term

2.6

 

 

Cylinder

Definition

 

 

 

The union of two regions of the same size and shape in defferent parallel planes, and the set of all segments that join corresponding points on the boundaries of the regions

Term

2.6

 

 

Prism

Definition

 

 

 

A cylinder with polygonal regions as bases

Term

2.6

 

 

Pyramid

Definition

 

 

 

A cone with a polygonal region as its base

Term

2.7

 

 

Polyhedron

Definition

 

 

 

A closed surface made up of polygonal regions

Term

2.7

 

 

Face of a Polyhedron

Definition

 

 

 

One of the polygonal regions that form the surface of the polyhedron

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