Term
|
Definition
| wave in longshore drift going vertically DOWN the beach under influence of gravity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the sides of a river channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an instrument that measures air pressure |
|
|
Term
| battery (factory) farming |
|
Definition
| intensive farming of chickens, pigs or cattle whereby the animals are fed, watered and kept indoors permanently with little opportunity for movement; increasingly this method of farming is seen as cruel but it does produce high yields and cheap food in the shops |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a sheltered area of coast between two headlands where SOFT rock has been eroded by the sea more quickly than the hard rock of the headland |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ore from which aluminium is made |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| material which the sea deposits on the coast, usually sand or shingle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a compass point showing direction measured in degrees from 0° to 360°; north is both 0° and 360°, east is 90°, south is 180°, and west is 270°; see also orientation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a scale of wind speed devised by Admiral Beaufort for the Royal Navy to know how much sail to put out in the days of sailing ships; see also gale, storm, hurricane |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the bottom of a river channel |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a horizontal line between layers (strata) of sedimentary rock |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an unpleasant disease spread by worms and snails living in irrigation canals in Egypt and in other lakes in Africa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the process by which organic materials are broken down by living organisms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the number and variety of all living things within an ecosystem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fuel made from a combination of traditional mineral oil from under the ground and plant oils derived from crops such as sugar cane; in the U.K. at least 5% of petrol now contains biofuel and this % will increase; in Brazil most cars run on ethanol from sugar cane and there can be a smell of slightly-burnt toffee in traffic fumes on the streets of Rio ! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| gas produced from rotting plants or animal dung, e.g. methane; is being piped away from landfill sites in the U.K. and used for power/heating, and in India for cooking in rural areas instead of sparse firewood |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| animals and vegetation roots breaking down the Earth’s surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| see genetic code/G.M. crops |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a hole in the roof of a cave that goes right up to the surface of a cliff; created by hydraulic action eroding weaknesses in the strata |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a manual worker working in a factory or a dirty environment; so called because blue denim overalls are/were worn; see also white-collar worker |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| found in the Middle Stage of a river, they are what is left of the interlocking spurs of the Upper Stage after lateral erosion has worn the spurs away as the river gets wider |
|
|
Term
| 'Bottom Left-Hand Corner' Rule |
|
Definition
| when reading 4 or 6 figure map references on an O.S. map you always start reading the figures at the extreme south-west (bottom left) corner of the map |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| where a river divides into small channels amongst alluvial deposits before joining up again further downstream |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a point where a bridge has been built across a river, e.g. the original Cam bridge was roughly where Magdalene Bridge is today |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| derelict industrial land in the inner city used for new buildings; the government wants to use this kind of land for new houses rather than greenfield sites. This will stop urban sprawl. Focus in Tenison Road, Cambridge is built on the old steam engine locomotive sheds and coaling sidings of the railway |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| very large ship for carrying huge amounts of coal, iron ore, wheat, or liquid natural gas (L.N.G.); the greater the amount of cargo carried the cheaper the price |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a development of offices and industrial units often in the outer suburbs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a road built round a town; the M11 bypasses Cambridge to the west and the A14 to the north |
|
|
