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Definition
| North Africa's traditional name. |
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| Tribal grous developed living patterns and strategies to cope with lack of water. |
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| the exploitation of multiple resources to maintain support should one resource fail. May Include tourism. |
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| Middle Eastern Ecological Trilogy M.E.E.T. (Definition) |
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Definition
| describes three different historical lifestyles that define life in the middle east. |
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| Middle eastern ecological trilogy (groups) |
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Definition
| Villager, Nomad and Urbanite. |
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Term
Middle Eastern Ecological Trilogy-MEET
Group: Villager |
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Definition
| Substance farmers that work in rural areas, backbone of MEET. |
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Middle Eastern Ecological Trilogy-MEET
Group: Nomads |
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Definition
| Shepard's who reside in deserts and usually follow water |
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Middle Eastern Ecological Trilogy-MEET
Group: Urbanites |
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Definition
| Live in larger towns and cities, first appeared in the Mena around 3-4000 BCE |
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Term
| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) |
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Definition
| Saudi Arabia is a member, founded by oil producing states to collect profit from natural resources. Became a strategic player in Arab- Israeli conflict of 1793. |
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Definition
| addressed the issue that the US would use any means necessary to defend its vital interests in the region. |
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Definition
| violence committed against non-combatants that is intended to spread fear or serve a political purpose. Does not include ethnic or religions qualifications, can by used as a tactic by militant members of and organization ethnic group or religion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Called for Israel to withdraw from the occupied territories, 6 day war created over 2 million arab refugees who were not allowed to return to their homes. 1 million were palestinians. |
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Term
| Camp David Accords Of 1979 |
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Definition
| 1st major agreement of Israel and Arab States, Egypt officially recognized the state of Israel, Israel forces were also removed from Sinai Peninsula, but this resolved in the assassination of egyptian president Anwar Sadat |
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Definition
| Israel recognized the palestinian libration organization (PLO) Israeli forces were scheduled to be withdrawn from Gaza and part of west bank. PLO agreed to renounce terrorism in return. |
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Definition
| The proposal for an independent Palestinian state alongside Israel. |
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Definition
| Iraqi Forces were repelled from kuwait, coalition airstrikes decimated Iraqi forces who set fire to oil wells while retreating. |
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Term
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Definition
| In 2009 Us Troops remained in Iraq to train Iraq security forces. |
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Term
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Definition
| Region has sustained a 3% growth rate for the last 50 years while food production has grown 2% annually. |
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Term
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Definition
| A grassland that separates Sub- Saharan Africa From North Africa |
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Definition
| land degradation that results in a loss of life form diversity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Trade Pattern between west Africa, North America and Europe, Slavery formed a leg of this. |
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Term
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Definition
| believe that colonial heritage of African states prevents development. |
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Term
| African Growth and Opportunity Act |
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Definition
| Passed in 2000, It reduced tariffs on nearly 1800 African products, african imports to the United States surged as a result. |
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Term
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Definition
| Between Boer (dutch) and British Colonists which dutch lost. Triggered after British arrived after discovery of Gold and Diamonds in 1820's. |
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Term
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Definition
| In 1948, Afrikaners (Boers) took power and strengthened racial segregation policies, it divided South African citizens into distinct groups, white, blacks and colored peoples. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Original Leader of an armed wing of the african National Congress (ANC) Convicted of sabotage and espionage and sentenced to life in prison on Robbin island for 20 years, later released in 1990 and elected First President of a democratic South Africa, |
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Term
| Population Figures of Middle East and North Africa. |
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Definition
| Egypt, Turkey and Iran all have over 79 million people, Growing at a rate of 1.9% |
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Term
| What are the most populous states in the region? What are the most populous Arab states? |
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Definition
| Egypt Turkey and Iran all have over 79 Million Population |
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Term
| Which Middle Eastern States Feature the largest number of immigration workers/ where do they come from? |
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Definition
| Foreign workers in UAE outnumber citizens 3 to 1. Most are from India and South Asian States. |
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Term
| Gender Roles In Middle East |
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Definition
| Traditional norms strongly influence gender perceptions in MENA, women are expected to maintain a private role inside the home. |
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Term
| Are women expected to work or remain in the home? |
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Definition
| They are expected to maintain a private role in side the home. |
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Term
| What are some of the traditional types of clothing worn in the region? |
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Definition
| Women must wear an abaya, a headscarf dress is allows women to maintain privacy while in public, connected to modesty, but it varies in the region. |
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Term
| Major Religions in the region |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Originally a middle eastern religion, does not seek converts, determined by ethnicity and heritage. |
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Definition
| Largest religion in middle east, 90% of pop are Muslim, 5 Pillars |
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Term
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Definition
| Sacred Sites and 5 pillars, |
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Term
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Definition
The Ka Aba, a shrine at the center of meccas great mosque
Mecca and Medina are considered holy cities
Jerusalem and the dome of the rock. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shahadah, Prayer, Alms Giving- Zakat, Fasting, Pilgramage (Hajj) |
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Term
5 Pillars of Islam:
Shahadah |
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Definition
| There is no god but god, muhammad is the prophet |
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Term
5 Pillars of Islam:
Prayer |
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Definition
| Muslims pray 5 times a day facing mecca, The congregational prayer is at noon on Friday. |
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Term
The 5 pillars of Islam:
ALms Giving (Zakat) |
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Definition
| Muslims are obligated to give a fixed portion of their income to charities and needy. |
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Term
The 5 pillars of Islam:
Fasting |
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Definition
| Muslims are expected to abstain from food and drink from sunrise to sunset during ramadan. |
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Term
The 5 pillars of Islam:
Pilgrimage (Hajj) |
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Definition
| Muslims who are able are expected to travel to mecca once in their lifetime. |
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Term
| Major Choke-points of the Region |
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Definition
They limit trade and travel, access to red sea is limited,
The Suex Canal and the Bab el-Madeb, the straight of hormuz, straight of Gibraltar are all choke points. |
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Term
| US Fifth Naval Fleet... choke point |
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Definition
| At the Straight of Hormuz, it connects persian gulf to Indian Ocean, Us is stationed to protect oil shipments and to prevent Iranian aggression, 40% of all sea born oil passes through this straight. |
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Term
| Saudi Arabia and Gulf States... |
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Definition
| contain 60% or worlds proven reserves for oil. |
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Term
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Definition
| Islamists believe muslims should support and submit to a Government based on Islam, it does not directly advocate violence. Some groups have resorted to violence. |
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Term
| Modern State of Israel Established? |
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Definition
| May 14th, 1948, after Israel declared Independence it created over 800,000 palestinian refugees status of refugees and tension over boarders still contributes to the arab- Israeli conflict. |
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Term
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Definition
Redrew the political map in a way that still influences the peace process, Israel captured west bank, the sinai peninsula ad the golden heights, IDF also took west Jerusalem and the temple mount.
Israel still holds Jerusalem. |
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Term
| Peace Initiatives between israel and Arab states |
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Definition
| Camp David accords of 1979, two state solution, 2000 Pres Clinton, |
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Term
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Definition
| attempted to mediate a final 2 state solution to this conflict at Camp David 2000 Summit. |
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