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| The study of where people, places, and things are located and of the ways in which things relate to each other. |
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| Describes where places are in relation to other places |
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| 0° degree line of longitude that runs through Greenwich, England.. |
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| One half of the earth, north or south of the equator or east or west of the prime merdian. |
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| The distance from an imaginary line called the Prime Meridian, which runs north and south through Greenwich, England and divides the earth's surface |
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| An imaginary line of measurement of the earth's surface running parallel to the equator: |
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| Places have unique physical and human or cutral characteristics. Geographers try to understand how places are similar and different to one another."What is teh chararter of the place?" |
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| Human-Enviroment Interaction |
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| How people interact with the natural enviroment and change the enviroment.It also looks at the consequences to changes in the wnviroment and how people respond to that change."How do people interact with the natural enviroment?" |
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| "How do people, goods, and ideas move between places?" |
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| A group of places with at least one common chatacteristics. "How are places similar to and different from other places." |
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| The study of the materials of the Earth, including its history. |
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| First layer of the earth: Made up of the metal elements of iron and nickel.The inner core is solid. |
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| Second layer of the earth: Made of the metal elements of iron and nickel. The metals are liquid. |
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| Third layer of the earth: A thick layer of rock |
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| Highest (fourth) layer of the earth: The solid, rocky, surface layer of the earth. |
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| The large landmasses in the ocean. |
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| The differenve in elevation, between the highest and lowest points. |
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| When rock layers bend and buckle. |
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| Fracture, or break in the earth's crust |
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| The theory that the earth's outher shell is not one solid peice of rock. |
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| A circle of volcanos surronding the Pacific Ocean. |
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| The idea that continents slowly shift their positions due to movement of the tectonic plates on which they ride. |
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| Molten rock that breaks through the surface during volcanic activity. |
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| A circular moenment asused when materials are heated. Expands and rises, then cools and falls. |
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| When magma inside the earth breaks through the earth's crust. |
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| Process be which rocks are gradually broken down. |
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| Changes cyrstals or minerals that make up the rock. |
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| Breaking up of, rocks by forces such as ice and rock. |
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| When chemicals in the polluted air combine with water vapor and fall back to earth. |
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| Minerals-rich dust amd silt |
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| Situated on the side facing away from the direction in which the wind is blowing. |
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| The side that gets most of the precipitation. |
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| When water freezes in a crack in a rock and it splits the rock. Most common type. |
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| The condition of the bottom layer of the earth's atmosphere in one place over a short period of time. |
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| Desert side of the mountain that gets most of the percipitation. |
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| The term used for the weather pattern that an area typically experiences over a long period of time. |
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| As the earth moves through space it spins on its axis like a top. |
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| One complete orbit around the sun. |
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| On the days, the sun, at noon. apears overhead the tropic of capricorn and cancer. |
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| Is all forms of water that fall from the atmosphere to the earth's surface. |
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| The earth is rotationg, and its movement deflects, or bends them. |
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| A mix of interdependent plants that naturally grows in one place. |
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| The phusical conditions of the natural surrondings. |
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| Trees that shed their leaves. |
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| Grows in colder areas. These needle trees expose wver little of their sudface to the cold. |
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| Small evergreens, that are unigue to Mediterranean climates. |
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| Are also called Tropical grasslands. They grow in warm areas near the equator. |
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| Treeless flat land found mostly in the Arctic Circle. Only certain plants can grow in this area. |
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| Permanently frozen land. Soil or rock that remains permanently frozen, found mainly in the polar regions |
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| The beliefs, customs, practices, and social behavior of a particular nation or people |
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| The average number of people in a square mile and a square kilometer. |
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| The number of live births each year per 1,000 people. |
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| The number of deaths each year per 1,000 people. |
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| The growth of citu population. |
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| A system in which the government makes all of the decisions about what goods and prodicts will be produced, The state owns and operates major farms and infustries. |
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A person who inherits their postion bu being into the ruling family.
(kings, queens. pharaohs, shahs, and sultans) |
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| In which the power is concentrated in a small group of a single person, |
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| A system of government in which the people are invested with the power to chose their leader. |
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Type of econimic system:
People determine what will be produced by what they buy or do not buy. This is referred to as a free market society. Little government influence, |
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| A country that can rule itself by establishing its own policies and determing its own course of action. |
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Type of Econimic System:
The government runs basic industries and people run other industries and businesses. A mices economy. |
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| A natural resource that the enviroment continues to supply or replace as it is used. |
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| Energy from the earth's intense interior heat, which transforms underground water to steam that can be used to heat homes or to make electricity. |
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| A natural resource that cannot be replaced once it is used-for example, minerals such as fossil fuels, iron, copper, aliminum, uranium, and gold. |
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| A system combining different degrees of government regulations |
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| Farming that provides only enough for the needs of a family or a village |
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| A type of climate that has warm winters and cold winters. |
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