Term
| The level of the atmosphere with the highest temperatures is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On the average for every 1000 feet increase in altitude in the troposphere the air temperature |
|
Definition
| drops about 3.5 degrees fahrenheit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| protects life on earth by filtering harmful uv radiation from sunlight |
|
|
Term
| Atmospheric pressure is caused by |
|
Definition
| the weight of the air above |
|
|
Term
| scientist believe that a growing amount of this gas in the atmosphere will probably bring about a warming of the lower atmosphere |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Suppose the albedo of a planet is measure to be 40 percent this means that |
|
Definition
| 40 percent of the suns energy is reflected |
|
|
Term
| low sun angles result in reduced solar energy because |
|
Definition
| energy is spread over a large area |
|
|
Term
| the wave lengths emitted by the earth are |
|
Definition
| longer than those emitted by the sun |
|
|
Term
| which of the following correctly describes the equinoxes |
|
Definition
| days and nights are equal in length in all parts of the world |
|
|
Term
| the longest day of the year is |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During the natural processes heat transfer is always from |
|
Definition
| warmer to cooler substances |
|
|
Term
| the surface with the highest albedo is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the absorption of terristal radiation by certain gases in the lower atmosphere is called the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Objects with higher temperatures |
|
Definition
| emit more shortwave radiation than cooler objects do |
|
|
Term
| The earth recieves energy from the sun by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the annual range of temperature may be discribed as |
|
Definition
| the difference between the average tempertures of the warmest and coldest months |
|
|
Term
| The annual temperature range is quite small near the equator primarly because |
|
Definition
| solar radiation is nearly uniform all year |
|
|
Term
| which of the following is not a valid expliantion of the urban heat island effect |
|
Definition
| urban areas generally have a higher albedo than surronding rural areas |
|
|
Term
| overnight temperatures are warmer when the air is humid because |
|
Definition
| water vapor is a good absorber of outgoing longwave radiation |
|
|
Term
| the minium temp usually occurs near sunrise because |
|
Definition
| earth experiences a net loss of radiation until then |
|
|
Term
| the primary purpose served by surface ocean currents is to |
|
Definition
| transfer heat and equalize the imbalance of energy between the poles and the equator |
|
|
Term
| If you live ------ you are most likely to be warmer in the summer compared to one of the other places |
|
Definition
| in the middle of a landmass |
|
|
Term
| a poleward moving (northern hemisphere) ocean current is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of these factors influences the perception of temperature that the human body feels |
|
Definition
| wind speed, air temp, and humidity |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following is a good explanation for why dew tends to form in the grass at night |
|
Definition
| Temp are coolest in the grass |
|
|
Term
| if an air parcel is rising but does not produce a cloud then the parcel has been changing temp at the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a place located along a windward coast |
|
Definition
| will probably have cooler summer temp than an inland place at the same latititudes |
|
|
Term
| if the maxium temp for a day is 26*C and the min temp is 14*C the daily mean is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the daily range 26-14 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The highest temp is closest to what in F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An air parcel rises over a mountain and cools adiabatically. Which lifting mechanism has acted on the parcel |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| As the temp of air is reduced to its dew point which of these is most likly to occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| relative humidity depends on the water vapor present in the air and the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Evaporation is a process that acts to cool temp where it occurs. This is because evaporation |
|
Definition
| uses energy to change the phrase of water instead of warming it |
|
|
Term
| Relative Humidity indicates |
|
Definition
| nearness to saturation for the air |
|
|
Term
| The air in Great Falls montana has a temp of 5*C and a relative humity of 50%. on the same afternoon in Palm Springs has a temp of 25*C and relative humity of 50%. What can be said about the amount of water vapor |
|
Definition
| Palm Springs will have a higher vapor content than Great Falls |
|
|
Term
| assume that the actual vapor content of the air remains constant over the course of the day. How does the relative humidy at 2pm probably compare to the relative humity at 5am |
|
Definition
| the relative humidity at 2pm is lower than 5am |
|
|
Term
| these two conditions workking together will make the atmosphere most unstable |
|
Definition
| warm the surface and cool the air aloft |
|
|
Term
| during the process of adiabatic cooling the temp decreace because the air has |
|
Definition
| expanded to a larger volume |
|
|
Term
| when the dry and wet bulb temp measured by a sling pshchrometer are equal all but on of the following is true |
|
Definition
| a rise in temp would cause condesation |
|
|
Term
| dew point is the temp at which water vapor i the air begins to condese. The temp inside a cloud would therefore have to be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why do clouds represent a source of heat for the atmosphere |
|
Definition
| cloud formation releases latent heat to the air |
|
|
Term
| the most common way for air to be cooled in order that a cloud may form is by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| you get cold when you get out of the shower because the water dropletss |
|
Definition
| evaporate and take heat away from your body |
|
|
Term
| Its july you are arriving in paris and the pilots says its 30*c what is the temp scale |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following locations could be represent by this climograph |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When the earths orbit brings the planet physicall closet to the sun, an event know as the Perihelion what is happenin at this location as shown on the climograph |
|
Definition
| none of these statments are correct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can allow cloud droplet to form even if the relative humidity is less than 100% |
|
|
Term
| The growth of a cloud droplet into a rain drop large enought to fall to earth in a warm cloud is accomplished through |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clouds are classified and named according to their altitude and |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the bergeron process causes cloud droplets to grow because |
|
Definition
| the saturation vapor pressure is lower near ice crystals than it is near supercooled droplets |
|
|
Term
| rain that evaporates before it hits the ground forming characteristics streaks below clouds is known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does drizzle differ from rain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| freezing rain or sleet occurs when |
|
Definition
| upper air is warm and surface air is cold |
|
|
Term
| all of the following are necessary ingredents for cloud formation except: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Snowfall depths can be difficult to measure because |
|
Definition
| wind causes snow to vary in depth across the surface |
|
|
Term
| you are flying in a airplance at 36000 ft above sealevel you see lighting outside. The cloud that is close by is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| wich assocation is not correct |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why do clouds represent a source of heat for the atmosphere |
|
Definition
| cloud formation releases latent heat to the air |
|
|
Term
| El nino events are characterized by |
|
Definition
| pooling of unusally warm water in the eastern tropical pacific |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occur at 25000 to 40000 feet in middle latitudes |
|
|
Term
| Jet streams are accostiatd with fronts because of the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The southern oscilliation |
|
Definition
| is a cycle of strengthening and reversing trade winds in the equatorial pacific |
|
|
Term
| the force that generates wind is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the pressure gradient force is directed from higher to lower pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the avg sea level pressure in the United States |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the followinng would involve the greatest change in atmospheric pressure |
|
Definition
| balloon ascent from sea level to 3 miles |
|
|
Term
| the best explination for the cause of atmospheric pressure is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| are generally faster than surface winds |
|
|
Term
| the effect of friction on the wind alters its |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the corolis effect influences the wind by |
|
Definition
| changing the direction of the wind |
|
|
Term
| the region where the northeast trades meet the southeast trades is know as the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Circulations in the earths atmosphere are fundamentally caused by |
|
Definition
| temp contast between different locations |
|
|
Term
| if the earth were not rotating |
|
Definition
| air would move directly from high to low pressure |
|
|
Term
| meterolgist convert all atmospheric pressure data to the equivalent sea level air pressure in order to |
|
Definition
| remove the effects of elevation |
|
|
Term
| the long connected lines on the map are called----- and they represent lines of equal----- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| winds are ususally named for |
|
Definition
| the direction or place from which they are blowing |
|
|
Term
| most of the earth deserts are located in the |
|
Definition
| subsidence areas of subtropical highs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low pressure system or a cyclone |
|
|
Term
| in the diagram the strongest and fastest winds blow |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if this diagram were a upper level wind system in the norther hemisphere the wind direction would be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if this diagram were a surface level wind system in the northern hemisphere the winds would |
|
Definition
| flow inward acrros the isobars at an angle |
|
|
Term
| in the diagram the itcz would be closest to point |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the diagram the westerlies are found in regions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the diagram the are with plentiful rainfall but very little season change would be |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In the diagram the places with the highest pressure in the northern hemisphere would include |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When thinking about a hadley cell compared to the diagram the vertical wind flow |
|
Definition
| near line p would be upward away from earth |
|
|
Term
| an air mass is a body of air with |
|
Definition
| similar values of temperature and moistrue in the horizonal |
|
|
Term
| compare to contenitial air masses with the same air temp maritme air masses |
|
Definition
| have higher water vapor content |
|
|
Term
| air massses are identified by a pair of letter one lowerceasea nd one uppercase. The upper case letter refers to |
|
Definition
| the appoxmate latitude of the air mass source region |
|
|
Term
| which two air masses are bitterly cold and very dry |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Lake effect snowfall is cause by |
|
Definition
| air masses modification related to the differental heating of the land |
|
|
Term
| why are maritime are masses from the altantic of only limited concer for weather in the US |
|
Definition
| prevailing winds move them away from the US |
|
|
Term
| Which of these is common to both cold and warm fronts |
|
Definition
| lifting warm air over cold |
|
|
Term
| while in flordia you experience several days of weather with maximum temp and a dew point of 65F. what educated guess could you make about the weather |
|
Definition
| it is caused by an mT air mass |
|
|
Term
| The cloud type most frequently associated with a cold front |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| after a cold front passes which of these does NOT usually occur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which the number and intesity of wave cyclones greatest during the late fall, winter spring months |
|
Definition
| temperatures contasts are greater |
|
|
Term
| the type of front shown in the diagram is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the type of weather most frequently associated with the front shown is |
|
Definition
| thunderstorms and other severe weather |
|
|
Term
| which of the following air masses is most likely to be the cold air in the diagram above |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Thunderstorms can be generated when cT air mass meets an mT air mass and creates a frontal boundary called a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the wind direction in a low pressure system is |
|
Definition
| dependent on your location relative to the storm center |
|
|
Term
| what is the cause effect relationship between the pattern of upper level winds and surface low and high pressure systems |
|
Definition
| upper level wind patterns strongly control the origin and development of surface systems |
|
|
Term
| thunderstorms form when ----- humid air rises in a ----- enviroment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a low flying aircraft heading from point j to point h would most likely experience a change in wind direct from |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tornados and mid latitude cyclones are similiar that |
|
Definition
| both are areas of low pressure |
|
|
Term
| strong tornados maxium winds approach |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ----- are relatively narrow elongated bands of thunderstoms that develop in the warm sector of a middle-latitude cyclone usually in advance of a cold fron |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| displays numerical forecast for future conditions in preciptiation, wind speed, and upper air flow |
|
|
Term
| which of the following statements is not true about tornados |
|
Definition
| usually occur along the warm front of a mid latitude cyclone |
|
|
Term
| prediction success and observation of severe thunderstorm and tornados by the NWS is limited because |
|
Definition
| weather station are widely space compared to the size of the storm |
|
|
Term
| an air mass thunderstorm rarely lives long enough to create very severe weather because |
|
Definition
| the downdrafts quickly become strong enough to stop the updraft and influx of moisture to the storm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| show the motion of precipitation particles |
|
|
Term
| why is the pattern of upper level winds an important part of forecasting process |
|
Definition
| it strongly influences the development of surface storms |
|
|
Term
| the current conditions in your location are sunny and 80 degrees based on you observation you predict that in a few hours it will be sunny and 80 this is called |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Synoptic weather maps display weather data that |
|
Definition
| were measured at the same time |
|
|
Term
| why are thunderstorms most likely to occur in the afternoon and early evening |
|
Definition
| atmosphere is most unstable at that time |
|
|
Term
| compared to climate changes due to plate tectonics and astromonical causes, the changes due to volcanice eruptions are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| extensive tree ring research indicates that the 22 year old sunspot cycle my be related to |
|
Definition
| drought in the western US |
|
|
Term
| in addition to sea level rise oceans respnd to increasin carbon dioxide in atmosphere by |
|
Definition
| becoming increasingly acidic |
|
|
Term
| in what way were humans influencing climeate prior to the industrial revolution |
|
Definition
| alteration of ground cover for grazing and agriculture |
|
|
Term
| it is likely that an increase in global temp would result in a increase in cloud cover, which of the following statements bests describes the total impact of additional clouds on the earth system |
|
Definition
| clouds provide both posittive and negative feedback responses to warming |
|
|
Term
| studies have show that the sea level |
|
Definition
| has risen at least 20 cm over the last 100yrs |
|
|
Term
| the milankovitch cycles cannot entirely explain the recent global warming trends because |
|
Definition
| they operate on a very long time scale and cannot address shorter cycles |
|
|
Term
| the large tectonic plates that make up the outer portion of the earth move approximately a few----- per year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the length of time that a volcanic eruption impacts the climate is largely determined by |
|
Definition
| whether the ash or gas reaches the stratosphere |
|
|
Term
| volcanic eruptions can act as agents for climat change since they |
|
Definition
| reduce the solar energy at earths surface |
|
|
Term
| warming temperature melt ice cover exposing a darker surface that absorbs more solare radiation. In response the air warms even further. This is an example of |
|
Definition
| a possive feedback mechanisms |
|
|
Term
| what is the current axial tilt of the earth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which of the following is not a projected effect of global warming for the coming century |
|
Definition
| a decrease in the area affected by drought |
|
|
Term
| which of these is the most important cause of the increase in atmospheric CO2 |
|
Definition
| burning coal and petrolum |
|
|
Term
| which regions on earth have displayed the greatest temp anomalies in the 2010 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| during which of the time spans listed below should hurricanes formation in the North atlantic be at a peak |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| since detection and tracking of hurricanes in now quite accurate why does damage from these storms continue to increase |
|
Definition
| continued development of coastal areas |
|
|
Term
| the ------ has the greatest number of storms averaging 20 per year |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the eye wall of a hurricane |
|
Definition
| has the greatest wind speeds |
|
|
Term
| the greatest number of hurricane related deaths may be attributed to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to be offically declared a hurricane the disturbance must have a rotary circulation and sustained winds of at least |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what causes the winds of a hurricane to be so fast |
|
Definition
| very strong pressure gradient force |
|
|
Term
| what general circualtion wind belt is the place of orgin for hurricanes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the proper order of storm intensity in terms of increasing wind speed |
|
Definition
| tropical depression,tropical storm, hurricane |
|
|
Term
| what it the single greatest advancement in tools used for observing tropical cyclones |
|
Definition
| meteorological satellites |
|
|
Term
| when a hurricane moves onto land it declines in intensity. Which of the factors listed below contribute to this loss of punch |
|
Definition
| both friction and the lack of warm, moist air |
|
|
Term
| why do hurricanes in the atlantic move toward the west during the early stages |
|
Definition
| prevailing winds are from the east |
|
|
Term
| why do hurricanes initally form only in the tropices |
|
Definition
| warm water temperatures are found there |
|
|
Term
| why dont hurricanes develop on or near the equator |
|
Definition
| the coriolis effect is too weak to create rotation |
|
|
Term
| why is the region of a hurricane largely free of precipitation and heavy clouds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which is the force that only can create horizontal winds |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the two most important green house gases |
|
Definition
| methane and nitrous oxide |
|
|
Term
| isobars on a weather map are a way of graphically analyzing patterns of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what kind of instrument measures wind |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the most costly hurricane to strike the US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intense center of low pressure that form over tropical regions intense convective activity and cyclonic circulation |
|
|
Term
| 3 Simiarities between tropical and midlatitude Cyclones: |
|
Definition
1. Low pressure systems
2. counterclockwise
3.) produce strong winds and rain |
|
|
Term
| 3 differences between tropical and mid latitude cyclones |
|
Definition
1)develope only from warm water(latent heat)
2)easterly waves and convergence along ITCZ
3)much larger and lack of contrasting air masses |
|
|
Term
| Atlantic Hurricane Naming |
|
Definition
-alternate male and female with alphabetical
-if used up resort to Greek Alphabet
- repeats every 6 yrs
-if bad name is throw out
|
|
|
Term
| Scale used to classifiy Tropical storms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Saffir-Simpson Scale includes: |
|
Definition
| wind speed-pressure-stormsurge |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a dome of water (40 to 50) miles wide pushed against coast near landfall of the eye from strong onshore winds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| most precipitation and winds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| methane,nitrous oxide and CFC's |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Most active hurricane season was in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the most destructive hurricane last year was |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 effects global warming has caused |
|
Definition
1.) air temp increases
2.) sea level rising
3.) glacier melt and less snow covering northern hemispheree |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| intergovermental panel of climate change |
|
|
