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| the study of the human organization and distribution of political phenomena in their areal expression of spatial evidences of culture, such as language, ethnicity, and religion. the main areas of expression are nationality, boundary delimitations and socio-economic representations |
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| Any independent political unit occupying a defined permanently populated territory and having full sovereign control over its internal and foreign affairs. the territorial and political concept of state is also referred to as country example : Canada, South Africa |
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| a group of people with a common culture occupying a particular territory Example: Brazil, Iroqois |
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| a state whose territorial extent coincides with that occupied by a distinct nation or people or, at least, whose population shares a general sense of cohesion and adherence to a set of common values. EX: Japan, Korea, Iceland |
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| a nation (people) without a state Example: Kurds and Sindhi |
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| a condition of geographic form that may foster or hinder effective political organization |
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| process of buildings and cities sinking because of the extraction of water underground example: Italy and Mexico City |
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| Deforestation/Reforestation/Afforestation |
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| the process of destroying forests/rebuilding forests/ creating forests that never existed |
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| a place where deserts didn't exist but now do because of humans- Saharah |
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| Caused by sheet irrigation. alt crystals build up and destroys the land, drip irrigation avoids this issue- Sumarians figured it out wih pot water underground |
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| Impacts on plants and animals |
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| a species that no longer exists- black rhino, Dodo and Quagga |
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| a species that is introduced to an environment that it didn't original develop in.- cows, pigs, horses, and camels |
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| the study of how people earn their living, how livelihood systems vary by area, and how economic activities are spatially interrelated and linked |
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| those that harvest or extract something from the earth; that is, such things as hunting and gathering, grazing, agriculture, fishing, forestry, and mining and quarrying.- third world countries |
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| those that add value to materials by changing their form or combing them into more useful, and therefore more valuable, commodities. Secondary activities encompass a provision of products that may range from simple handicraft production of pottery or woodenware to the delicate assembly of electronic goods or space vehicles. examples of this type of livelihood include copper smelting, steel making, metal working, automobile production, textile and chemical industries, power companies, etc. |
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| consisting of those business and labor specializations that provide services to the primary and secondary sectors and goods and services to the general community and to the individual. these include such things as wholesale and retail trade activities, banking and finical services, insurance. Xrays and Google |
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| Characteristic of economically advanced societies, these are activities consisting in the processing and dissemination of information and in the administration and control of their own or other enterprises. these types of activities include of services rendered by white collar professionals working in education, government, management, information processing, and research.- United States Started this i.e Google |
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| comprising high level decision making roles in all types of large organizations, public or private. it encompasses executive decision making processes. ie. executive jobs |
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| refers to the identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth; |
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| refers to the identity with a group of people who share a biological ancestor. Types of Races Oceania(g), dark people that aren't African(b) |
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| in essence, race is related to biological factors, while ethnicity is related to sociological factors. that is, race refers to a person's physical appearance, such as skin color, eye color, hair color, bone/jaw structure etc. while ethnicity, on the other hand, relates to cultural factors such as nationality, culture, ancestry, language and beliefs. |
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| a part of a city occupied by a minority or segregated group or ethnicity. also referred to as an impoverished, neglected, or otherwise disadvantaged residential area of a city, usually troubled by a disproportionately large amount of crime |
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| separate but equal doctrine; however, in practical terms, apartheid refers to a South African Policy of systematic segregation or discrimination on grounds of race. |
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| White flight theory and blockbusting Practices (USA). minority groups move in, whites move out before property value goes down |
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| the process by which a more powerful ethnic group attempts to create an ethnically homogeneous geographic region or country by forcibly evicting all members of another ethnic group. |
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| refers to the body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people |
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| Cultus (Etymological definition) |
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To care ABOUT- to adore or worship something, as in the modern word CULT
To take care OF- to nurse or look after something, as in cultivate |
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| a country that is more or less round and from central part of country is equidistant to borders - Mongolia, spain |
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| a country that is more less round, with an extended leg or arm - namibia, afghanistan, austria, myanmar thailand |
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| a country that is narrow and long- UAE, Qatar, Israel |
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| a group of islands-japan, Indonesia, Bahamas |
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| divided into states- malasia, USA, France |
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| a part of a country removed from main country - Alaska, spain |
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| a country that has an enclave inside their territory- France, UAE |
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| those that promote unification and the strengthening of state pillars |
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| a condition of psychological identification with the state and the acceptance of national goals based on the concept of allegiance to a single country and the ideals and the way of life it represents. states promote nationalism through iconographic symbols - flags, national anthem, monuments, national teams |
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| a largely accepted significant practice or relationship in a society or culture- armed forces, public school systems, state religions |
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| those that promote destabilization and the weakening of state pillars |
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| the expression of ideas by means of speech sounds combined tinto words. words are combined into sentences, this combination answering to that of ideas into thoughts. system of vocal and written communication.- india 13 different langauges |
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| the relation of human beings to what they regard as holy, sacred, spiritual, or divine. religion consists of a person's relation to god or to gods or spirits through worship and moral conduct as its basic interpretative components. |
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| environmental determinism theory |
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| (British Approach- we are victims of our environment. as superior (white) people, we need to fix the inferior people, moral obligation. |
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| (American) we as humans are not victims of our environment. we can make our dreams come true if you work hard. making the environment work for them. protestant approach. |
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1. Housing- cookie cutter
2. clothing- very westernized clothing
3. Gastronomic- pizza, hamburgers, but in the united states we have multi culture
4. television- makes everything popular
5. internet |
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| it refers to the identity with a group of people who share the cultural traditions of a particular homeland or hearth; while |
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| refers to the identity with a group of people who share a biological ancestor- Green:Oceania, Brown:dark people who arent african |
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| in essence, race is related to biological factors, while ethnicity is related to sociological factors. that is, race refers to a person's physical appearance, such as skin color, eye color, hair color, bone/jaw structure etc. while ethnicity, on the other hand, relates to cultural factors such as nationality, culture, ancestry, language and beliefs |
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| a part of a city occupied by a minority or segregated group of ehtnicity. also referred to as an impoverished, neglected, or otherwise disadvantaged residential area of a city, usually troubled by a disproportionately large amount of time |
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| a belief or doctrine that inherent differences among the various human races determine cultural or individual achievement or abilities, usually involving the idea that ones own race is superior and has the right to rule others. |
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1. separate but equal doctrine; however, in practical terms, apartheid refers to a south african policy of systematic segregation or discrimination on grounds of race.
2. white flight theory and blocking busting practices- minority groups move in, white move before property gets devalued. |
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| the process by which a more powerful ethnic group attempts to create an ethnically homogeneous geographic region or country by forcibly evicting all members of another ethnic group |
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| the study of how people earn their living, how livelihood systems vary by area, and how economic activities are spatially interrelated and linked |
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| Determinants of physical environment |
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| possibilities are limited and changed based on the environment. a desert environment doesnt allow farming, foods change, travel could be harder. |
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| determinants of cultural consideration |
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| culture limits possibilities; being born in a Muslim country where females are seen as second citizens compared to protestant countries where determination is key. |
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| determinants of state techonlogy |
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| can be a crutch or asset that allows for an individual access to information, transportation, and other things |
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| determinants of political proccesses |
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| certain governments such as the USA, Canada, or others support the people to do good in ares such as business. some countries dont and people may have to bribe just to get started. communism makes everyone poorer |
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| Determinants of economic factors |
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| being born in an environment where money isnt an issue can thrive. espeically when parents can support |
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| those that harvest or extract something fomr the earth; that is, such thins as hunting and gathering, grazing, agriculture, fishing, forestry, and mining and quarrying |
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| those that add value to materials by changing their form or combining them into more useful, and therefore more valuable, commodities. example, copper smelting, steel making, metal working, auto production. |
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| consisting of those business and labor specializations that provide services to the primary and secondary sectors and goods and services to the general community and to the individual. these include such things as wholesale and retail trade activities, banking and financial services, insurance |
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| characteristics of economically advanced societies, these are activities consisting in the processing and dissemination of information and in the administration and control of their own or other enterprises. these types of activities include of services rendered by white collar professionals working in education, governement, management, information processing and research |
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| comprising high level decision making roles in all types of large organizations, public or private. it encompasses executive decision making process |
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| refers to the study of the altering effects that human activities have over ecosystems |
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| the self sustaining environmental units that consist of all the organisms and physical features co-existing together in a particular area. ecosystems are composed of four interrelated elements: biospehere, troposphere, hydrosphere, and lithospshere |
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| fertilizers and eutriphication |
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| rivers become swamps due to eutriphication. ferilizers go into the sute soil and eventually goes into the water. so much oxygen that plants grow and chokes other wild life. willow lake |
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| DDT and Whooping Crane. Farmers would use pestticides, it would seep into the soil, get passed into other waters, gets into fish, and then into birds. |
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| smoke stacks and car exhausts |
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| when two chemicals of primary pollutatns meet and create a new pollutant. |
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| impacts on land and soils |
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| process buildings and cities sink because of the extraction of water underground. italy and mexico city |
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