Term
1. Symbol: A
2. Climate:
3. Soil forming regime:
4. Vegetation: |
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Definition
2. tropical rainy
3. laterization
4. BLE |
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Term
1. Symbol: BS
2. Climate
3. Soil forming regime
4. Vegetation |
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Definition
2. Steppe
3. Calcification
4. Grass |
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Term
1. Symbol: BW
2. Climate
3. Soil forming regime
4. Vegetation |
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Definition
2. desert
3. salinization
4. Xero or none |
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Term
1. Symbol: C
2. Climate:
3. Soil forming regime:
4. Vegetation: |
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Definition
2. Humid Mesothermal
3. Podzolization
4. Mixed BLD & NLE |
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Term
1. Symbol: D
2. Climate:
3. Soil forming regime
4. Vegetation: |
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Definition
2. Humid microthermal
3. Gleization
4. Mixed BLD & NLE |
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Term
1. Symbol: E
2. Climate:
3. Soil forming regime:
4. Vegetation: |
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Definition
2. Polar
3. Gleization
4. Tundra or none |
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Term
1. Symbol: H
2. Climate:
3. Soil forming regime:
4. Vegetation: |
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Definition
2. undifferentiated highlands
3. ?
4. ? |
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Term
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Definition
P2=P1+BR-DR+IN-OM
or
P2=P1+BR-DR+IM-EM |
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Term
| If the equator was on the plane of the ecliptic would we have seasons? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the vertical rays of the sun hit earth at 23.5 degrees N Latitude in the Northern Hemisphere it is... |
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Definition
Summer solstace
(for southern hemisphere it would be the winter solstace) |
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Term
| What is the earth's surface in the lower atmosphere heated by? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| When a parcel of air is forced to lift as it rises over a mountain range, the lifting method is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| When 2 unlike parcels of air meet and lifts over the other we have: |
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Definition
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Term
| In the ITCZ you have what kinds of lifting? |
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Definition
| convective and convergent lifting |
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Term
| The birth of an ETC is called: |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ON TEST: none of the above. haha |
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Term
| If a warm front was approaching your location your forecast would include: |
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Definition
| cirroform & nimbostratus clouds |
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Term
| In the Northern Hemisphere an ETC travels from which directions? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is it called when warm air has been lifted out of contact with the ground? |
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Definition
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Term
| Between Lat. 5 and 20 degrees, if a major cyclonic storm originates it is called: |
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Definition
| cyclone, typhoon, hurricane etc. |
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Term
| Dr. Corson defines climate as: |
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Definition
| Temperature and precipitation! |
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Term
| What are 4 climate controls? |
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Definition
-Latitude
-Altitude
-Ocean Currents
-Topographic Barriers |
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Term
| Leech soils with broad leaf evergreen trees |
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Definition
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Term
| Oxygen deficient Soils w/ needle leaf evergreen |
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Definition
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Term
| Salty soils due to high temperature |
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Definition
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Term
| Rich soils, many nutrients in upper horizons associated w/ grassland |
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Definition
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Term
| Soils associated with moderate climate, mixed, broadleaf, desiduous, and needle leaf evergreen |
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Definition
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Term
| single woody stem over 10 ft. high is called: |
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Definition
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Term
| Human engineered and vegitation |
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Definition
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Term
| multiple woody stems under 10 ft. tall are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| non woody stems are called |
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Definition
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Term
| Earth's biosphere contains: |
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Definition
| crust of the earth, live creatures, insects, hydrosphere, stratosphere, troposhere |
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Term
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Definition
| Plants --> herbivores --> carnivores --> waste--> decompose--> forms into nutrients-->goes to plants...and back around the cycle again |
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Term
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Definition
| system by which water continually circulates through the biosphere |
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Term
| Is pollution waste that because of volume or comosition of it, cannot be readily sent to the natural cycle? |
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Definition
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Term
| What human controlled factor influences pollution? |
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Definition
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Term
| What causes the most water pollution in the U.S.? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| created when nitrogen oxides react with oxygen present in water vapor in air to produce Nitrogen Dioxide. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| CO2 methane NOx are the main culprits of: |
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Definition
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Term
| What sector produces largest pollution? |
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Definition
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Term
| question about transboundary pollution = |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Filters, scrubbers, and precipitators are all: |
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Definition
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Term
| Reduction or recycle are both example of: |
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Definition
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Term
| higher fuel taxes are an example of an: |
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Definition
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Term
| question starting... "most scientists believe..." |
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Definition
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Term
| Surface mining, sludging, and dredging are examples of: |
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Definition
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Term
| major human impact on wild animals and plants |
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Definition
| on test: ALL OF THE ABOVE |
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Term
| What percentage of waste goes into landfills? |
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Definition
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Term
| On a population cluster, what is the largest? |
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Definition
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Term
| Crude birth and death rates are: |
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Definition
| Rates of natural increase |
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Term
| What is population per unit of arable land? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Farmers/unit of arable land |
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Definition
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Term
| Rural to Urban migration and reduction of family size is: |
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Definition
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Term
T or F
Less developed are in stage 1 and 2 while more developed are in stage 4 |
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Definition
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Term
T or F
Population growth is high in 2 and 3 and low in 2 and 4 |
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Definition
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Term
T or F
Less developed countries are in stage 2 rising population |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| high:low dependancy ratio |
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Term
| Most immigrants came from Europe, now they are coming from: |
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Definition
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Term
| With migration, what are the 2 factors that motivate people to move? |
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Definition
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Term
| Cornucopians believe that: |
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Definition
| Human minds and skills are the ultimate resource |
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Term
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Definition
| Portion of earth's surface permanently settled by humans |
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Term
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Definition
| scientific study of population characteristics |
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Term
| What are the three population densities? |
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Definition
-arithmetic
-physiological
-agricultural |
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Term
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Definition
-Crude birth rate
-Crude death rate
-Doubling time
-Total fertility rate |
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Term
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Definition
| preiod required for any beginning total, experiencing compound growth, to double in size |
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Term
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Definition
| average number of children that would be born to each women if, during her child bearing years, she bore children at the current years rate for women that age |
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Term
| what were the 3 revolutions? |
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Definition
-agricultural
-industrial
-medical |
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Term
| What is stage 1 of the Demographic Transition Model? |
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Definition
| high birth and high death rates |
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Term
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Definition
-International-channelized
-Internal-rural to urban, city to suburb, rustbelt to sunbelt
-Undocumented Migration- illegal immigration
-Forced Migration-slavery
-Return Migration |
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Term
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Definition
-Population inevitability limited by the means of subsintence
-population invariably increase w/ incerase in the means of subsistence unless prevented by powerful checks
-checks are either "private" or destructive
---- Private-moral restraint, celibacy, chastity
---- Destructive- war, poverty, famine, pestilence |
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Term
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Definition
| lower birth rates so capital invesment can go into raising standards of living |
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Term
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Definition
| don't interfere w/ God's plan (no birth control etc.) -- Muslims, Nationalists, Marxists |
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Term
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Definition
| Population growth is stimulant to development-human minds and skills are ultimate resource (technology overcomes limits) |
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Term
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Definition
| As a parcel of air RISES, it adiabatically COOLS, as it adiabatically cools its capacity to hold moisture DECREASES, as its capacity to hold moisture decreases, its relative humidity INCREASES. At 100% clouds form, and at 100%+ (with condensation nuclei) precipitation occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| As a parcel of air SINKS, it adiabatially WARMS, as it adiabatically warms, its capacity to hold moisture INCREASES, as its capacity to hold moisture increases, its relative humidity DECREASES. As relative humidity decreases there is no cloud formation or precipitation. |
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Term
| list the three atmospheric lifting mechnanisms |
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Definition
-frontal-2 unlike airmasses meet
-orographic- mountains cause air to rise
-convective/convergent- hot ground heats air and air converges from high to low |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Do cirriform clouds produce precipitation? |
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Definition
| NO BECAUSE THERE IS NO SUCH THING! |
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Term
| What are the 4 types of precipitation? |
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Definition
-Rain-Liquid water
-Snow-Vapor to solid crystal
-Sleet-frozen rain
-Hail-chunks of ice from recirculation by updraft |
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Term
what do these symbols mean?
1. c
2. m
3. T
4. P
5. A
6. E |
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Definition
1. continental (dry)
2. maritime (wet)
3. Tropical (warm)
4. Polar (cool)
5. Arctic (cold)
6. Equitorial (hot) |
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Term
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Definition
| Weight of water vapor/volume of air in grams per square meter |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of water vapor compared to capacity as a percentage |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs at 100% relative humidity (clouds) |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs at 100%+ relative humidity (with condensation nuclei) |
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Term
| Do cirriform clouds produce precipitation? |
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Definition
| NO! (they are ice crystals in the upper atmosphere) |
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Term
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Definition
| local temperature and precipitation on a daily basis |
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Term
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Definition
| long term temperature and precipitation based on seasons |
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Term
| What is the tilt of the earth's axis? |
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Definition
| 23.5 degrees off the perpindicular to the plane of the ecliptic |
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Term
| earth rotates on axis every __ hrs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
incoming solar radiation
HOT at equator and COLD at the poles |
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Term
| changes in the sun angle affect _________ in terms of duration and intensity |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Wind flows from high pressure to low pressure (flows perpendicular to isobars) |
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Term
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Definition
| Apparent deflection of wind due to earth's rotation makes wind bend to right in northern hemisphere and left in sourthern hemisphere (parallel to isobars) |
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Term
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Definition
| below 5000 feet friction w/ ground causes wind to flow diagonal to isobars |
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Term
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Definition
-Low pressure center
-Counterclockwise in norther hemisphere
-at ground level air is converging
-air rises in low pressure center
-at altitude air diverges outward (tornadoes, hurricanes) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| warm air has ____capacity to hold moisture while cold air has ____ capacity to hold moisture |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-sub-continental in size
-centered on surface low of 990-1000 mb
-characteristic warm and cold front extends from low pressure center
-air converges in from high to low
-whole thing is spinning counterclockwise
-moving from west to east w/ belt of westerly winds
-full occlusion (cold front catches the warm front) |
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Term
| Extra-Tropical Anticyclones |
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Definition
-ETAC reffered to a high because it is based on a high pressure center
-migratory high pressure cell typically larger than an ETC
-ETC's and ETAC's alternative as they move w/ the weterlies
-high pressure does not produce precipitation |
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Term
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Definition
| graphic indicator of temperature and precipitation for a certain place over the course of a year |
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Term
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Definition
Warm: gentle slope, temperature increase, low intensity, long duration
Cold: steep slope, temperature decrease, high intensity, short duration |
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Term
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Definition
| totality of things that may in any way affect an organism |
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Term
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Definition
| study of how organisms interact w/ one another and their physical environment |
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Term
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Definition
System by which water continuously circulates through the biosphere
-purifies the wter and makes it available w/ correct preperties to the ecosystem
-evapo-transpiration versus precipitation
-scarcity |
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Term
| What are four souces of water pollution? |
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Definition
| agriculture, industry, mining, and municipalities |
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Term
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Definition
| Factors over which people have little control such as climate, weather, wind patterns, topography, and transboundary pollution |
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Term
| Air factors dictated by humans include: |
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Definition
Urbanization- population density, home heating practices, traffic density, types of cars
Industrialization- type, density, polution controls |
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Term
| what are the 5 main sources of air pollution? |
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Definition
1. Transportation
2. Fuel combustion from stationary sources
3. industry
4. solid waste disposal
5. miscellaneous |
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Term
| What are the sources of Greenhouse Gasses? |
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Definition
CO2
methane (24x CO2)
NOx (Nitrus oxide 360xCO2)
Flurocarbons |
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Term
| What are ways to control air pollution? |
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Definition
-legislation and treaties
-Technological Fixes
-Energy Conservation
-Economics |
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Term
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Definition
| steppes/ grassland turn into desert through drough, overfarming, or overaising |
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Term
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Definition
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