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| series of less powerful earthquakes that follow the main quake and may continue for days |
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| the solid outer crust of the earth |
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| a fossil fuel produced from the compaction of minute sea creatures on the sea floor |
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| refers to any material blasted out of a volcano |
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| rocks that have undergone a change by heat, pressure, and chemicals inside the earth's crust |
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| one of the three main rock types that is created by sediment collecting in low-lying areas and is then slowly pressurized and compacted into layers |
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| similar to a hot spring but a blockage occurs in the fault line where water and steam collect, pressure builds, water and steam are then forcefully expelled |
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| superheated, denser than air deadly volcanic gas |
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| steep cliff that is the result of vertical displacement of rock along a fault line |
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| the flat shallow ocean floor next to the continent |
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| mudflow caused when a volcano's heat rapidly melts ice and snow on slopes of volcanoes |
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| a long crack in the earth's crust where lava may occasionally extrude from |
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| a fossil fuel produced from the compacted and pressurized remains of tropical vegetation |
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| the process of mountain building |
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| rocks formed by the cooling and hardening of magma from within the Earth's mantle |
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| Alfred Wegener's super continent from which today's continents split and drifted to their present locations |
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| the upper part of the mantle where plates float |
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| the drop-off from shallow continetal shelf to the deep ocean floor |
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| the layer of the earth directly below the crust that extends to the outer core also called the mantle |
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| type of displacement that occurs at the San Andreas Fault |
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| a dome-like pooling of magma that occurs underground between rock layers |
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| a rock formation tha results when magma breaks across rock layers |
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| rock formation that occurs when magma intrudes between rock layers, cools, hardens, and may eventually be exposed by erosion |
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| measures the severity of earthquakes (each number 10 times larger than the previous) |
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| point on the earth's surface where rock fractures resultin in an earthquake |
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| hot springs and geysers associated with this type of rock |
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| converging plates offshore |
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| composite volcanoes along the Pacific Ring of Fire are the result of what kind of plate |
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| converging continental plates |
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| formation of the Alps and the Himalayas are the result of what type of plates |
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| the formation of the Hawaiian Island are the result of |
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| sphere located in the upper mantle in which convection currents are responsible for plate movement |
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| rock classification that results from heat and pressure |
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| the upfold of rock layers folded by compression |
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| the downfold of rock layers folded by compression |
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| rocks formed by the cooling and hardening of magma from within the Earth's mantle |
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| ocean volcanoes with very gentle slopes |
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| when some types of soils are shaken violently in an earthquake, causing the soil to behave much like quicksand, resulting in buildings toppling or sinking |
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| a large volcanic crater created by a violent volcanic explosion or implosion |
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| feature found at an ocean to ocean plate convergence resulting in a string of volcanic islands |
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| created when the earth's crust is compressed and folded |
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| area of the earth most likely responsible for creating the magnetic field of the earth |
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| conversion of sediments into solid rock in the Rock Cycle |
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| a volcanic mountain composed of layers of cinders and lava (ex: Pacific Ring of Fire volcanoes) |
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