Term
| What are the 5 themes of geography? |
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Definition
| Location, place, movement, regions, human & physical interaction. |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of location? |
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Definition
| Absolute and relative location. |
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Term
| What is absolute location? |
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Definition
| Not tangible, just coordinates. |
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Term
| What is relative location? |
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Definition
| Defines a location in relation to another. |
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Term
| What direction does latitude run and what does it measure? |
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Definition
| Latitude runs W/E and measure N/S. |
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Term
| How do we read latitude/longitude? |
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Definition
| The first number is the Northing (distance north of equator), the second is your Westing (distance west of Greenwich). |
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Term
| What is place defined as? |
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Definition
| The description of a location. |
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Term
| In what 2 categories is place divided into? |
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Definition
| Physical (natural) & cultural (man-made). |
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Term
| How does a contour map work? |
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Definition
| The closer the lines are together, the greater the elevation change. All lines loop back around. |
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Term
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Definition
| An oval shaped hill that is created by glaciation. One side is smooth, the other is riddled with rocks that follow the direction the glacier was travelling. |
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Term
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Definition
| A man made border, or a political boundary decided upon by various organizations. |
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Term
| What is a functional region? |
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Definition
| Artificially created zone for 1 purpose (like garbage pick-up zones or constituencies). |
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Term
| What is a vernacular region? |
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Definition
| A region that only the local group knows (West Bank, Citadel, Oxford Heights etc.) |
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Term
| How does man depend on the environment? |
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Definition
| For survival, safety and way of life. |
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Term
| How does man adapt to the environment? |
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Definition
| Working with and coping with nature (earthquakes). |
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Term
| How does man modify the environment? |
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Definition
| Through construction, deconstruction, mining, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Multiple things working together to work for a process. |
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Term
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Definition
| Atmosphere (air), biosphere (living things), hydrosphere (water) and lithosphere (rocks and inorganic things). |
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Term
| What is the difference between an open and closed system? |
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Definition
| An open system takes inputs and has outputs (like a car), a closed system is self sustaining. |
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Term
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Definition
| Gravity pulling the denser materials to its core, gradually accumulating chunks. |
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Term
| How does the earth maintain heat? |
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Definition
| Through radioactive decay of uranium etc. and through heat/pressure (which makes most solid elements in the earth liquid). |
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Term
| What state is the center of the earth? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is an igneous extrusive rock? |
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Definition
| A rock that cools on the crust of the earth. |
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Term
| What is an igneous intrusive rock? |
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Definition
| Formed in the earth (like granite). |
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Term
| What is a sedimentary (clasdic) rock? |
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Definition
| Formed of old rocks, a rock that has eroded and settled elsewhere. The rock settles in layers (think sandstone, shale etc). |
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Term
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Definition
| A body of igneous intrusive rock. |
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Term
| What is a metamorphic rock? |
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Definition
| When heat and pressure change an igneous or sedimentary rock. Formed near where magma is moving up. Very strong. |
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Term
| In a subduction zone (converging) which plate goes under which? |
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Definition
| The oceanic crust goes under the continental as it is less dense. |
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Term
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Definition
| When sedimentary rock is folded under pressure, the anticline is the highest point. |
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Term
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Definition
| When sedimentary rock is folded under pressure, the sincline is the lowest point. |
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Term
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Definition
| The idea that the middle of plates are lower to maintain an 'equilibrium'. |
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Term
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Definition
| The paper a seismometer uses. |
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Term
| What is the Richter Scale? |
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Definition
| A scale that is used to measure the strength of an earthquake (each point is a 10x increase of strength). |
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Term
| What is the epicentre of an earthquake? |
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Definition
| Where the earthquake occurred on the surface of the earth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any earthquakes that occur after the biggest one. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occurs in saturated soil, turns it into quicksand (disturbed soil after an earthquake). |
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Term
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Definition
| From converging plates that create island arcs, or diverging plates where eruptions are much milder. |
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Term
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Definition
| A place not on a fault where a volcano exists (acts like a pressure vent). Ex: Hawaii. |
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Term
| What is a shield volcano? |
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Definition
| A wide and relatively flat volcano where lava flows slowly (think Hawaii). |
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Term
| What is a cinder cone volcano? |
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Definition
| The smallest type of volcano, where lava erupts and cools into gravel. Formed of loose rock, steep. |
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Term
| What is a composite cone/stratavolcano? |
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Definition
| Low slope, but steep near summit. It occurs at converging plates and is formed by many layers of different materials. Most destructive (Mt. Baker). |
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Term
| What is pyroclastic flow? |
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Definition
| Gas and ash that flow like an avalanche up to 700 km/h and 1000 degrees Celsius. |
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Term
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Definition
| Heat from an eruption melts snow, causing snow to melt with ash and debris causing a mudslide. Causes mass wasting. |
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Term
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Definition
| The process in which soil sand and rock gradually move downhill as a mass under gravity's influence, but also water and wind. |
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Term
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Definition
| A crater at the top of a volcano. |
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