Term
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Definition
| underground surface below which the ground is wholly saturated with water. highest under slopes and divides. |
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Term
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Definition
| first zone underneath the surface. water is infiltrated and available for plants. |
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Term
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Definition
| second layer underneath soil water belt. percolates downward to the saturated zone. |
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Term
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Definition
| third layer, underneath unsaturated zone. all pores and spaces filled with water, otherwise known as the water table. |
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Term
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Definition
| the slow passage of a liquid through a filtering medium |
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Term
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Definition
| layer of rock or sediment containing abundant, freely flowing ground water. |
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Term
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Definition
| bed of clay and shale- relatively impermeable and holds little free water. |
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Term
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Definition
| accumulation of water "perched" above main water table by aquiclude |
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Term
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Definition
| a landscape formed by the dissolution of layers of limestone. |
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Term
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Definition
| a depression in the ground usually of limestone, formed by the collapse of a cavern. |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs in an aquifer when water is pumped from a well. |
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Term
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Definition
| un-channelled, flow of water across surface in a down-gradient flow. |
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Term
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Definition
| channelled, the flow of water in streams. |
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Term
| drainage basin, watershed |
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Definition
| all area that drains into a certain stream. |
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Term
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Definition
| boundary between adjacent watersheds. |
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Term
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Definition
| the amount of water that flows through the riverbed. |
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Term
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Definition
| shows changes in the discharge of a river over a period of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| removal of rock fragments |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the area between two adjacent stream flowing the same direction |
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Term
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Definition
| the line separating two neighboring drainage basins |
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Term
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Definition
| material being carried by the water. |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of particles. |
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Term
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Definition
| minerals in solution flowing towards the surface of the river. |
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Term
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Definition
| particles being suspended towards the surface of the river. |
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Term
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Definition
| debris, sand, gravel being carried towards the bottom |
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Term
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Definition
| when rocks and particles are moving horizontally on the bottom. |
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Term
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Definition
| when fragments on the bottom are jumping |
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Term
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Definition
| material deposited by stream |
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Term
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Definition
| the middle of the channel forming a boundary |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| flat areas, change course frequently |
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Term
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Definition
| interwoven connected channels |
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Term
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Definition
| counts the branches of a stream by starting at the bottom and naming that the biggest number. |
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Term
| dendritic drainage pattern |
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Definition
| stream with many branches off of the main one. |
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Term
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Definition
| streams move around landforms, like mountains, branching out horizontally. |
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Term
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Definition
| drainage pattern around a volcano |
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Term
| centripetal drainage pattern |
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Definition
| drainage pattern coming off of a gulf |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sediment and rock ware away from the erosion of channels |
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Term
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Definition
| lowest possible elevation for downcutting |
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Term
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Definition
| waterfalls and and rapids create them. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| erosion causing the riverbed to expand laterally. |
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Term
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Definition
| extension of valley upstream through erosion |
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Term
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Definition
| deposition at mouth extends valley into ocean or lake. |
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Term
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Definition
| any stream that runs parallel to a larger river and they eventually join. |
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Term
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Definition
| on the inside of a meander bend where sediment is deposited and temporarily saved. |
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Term
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Definition
| section of floodplain where deposits of sediment settle after a flood. |
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Term
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Definition
| a crescent shaped lake that is formed when a meandering stream is cut off from the main channel. |
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Term
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Definition
| low ridges of flood-deposited sediment formed on both sides. |
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Term
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Definition
| last major ice retreat, began 1.5 to 2.5 MYBP, alternating glacial and interglacial conditions. |
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Term
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Definition
| a distinctive set of landforms and land-forming processes that are created by intense frost action. |
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Term
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Definition
| glaciers on the edges of a landform |
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Term
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Definition
| part of glacier that extends over water |
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Term
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Definition
| glacier forming in a valley that may spill out. |
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Term
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Definition
| a glacier that spills out from a glacier that is forming in a valley. |
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Term
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Definition
| confined in an area in the mountain. |
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Term
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Definition
| addition of ice (snowfall) |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of ice (melting and sublimation) |
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Term
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Definition
| divides zones of accumulation and ablation |
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Term
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Definition
| difference between accumulation and ablation |
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Term
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Definition
| constant glacial movement |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of a glacier moving back |
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Term
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Definition
| ice carves rock, carrying material and leaving a rough surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| ice carves rock, carrying material leaving smooth rock. |
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Term
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Definition
| finely ground rock material |
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Term
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Definition
| fragments deposited by glacial ice, not meltwater. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| terminal, recessional, and medial overhangs |
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Term
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Definition
| hill parallel to glacial movement |
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Term
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Definition
| depression left by large pieces of ice. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a valley that comes to a cliff |
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Term
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Definition
| geographical distribution of animals and plants. |
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Term
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Definition
| what determines where different species are found. |
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Term
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Definition
-physical conditions
-disturbance
-interactions with other organisms (competition, predation, etc.) |
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Term
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Definition
| the range of what kind of environment a species is able to live in. |
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Term
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Definition
| a system formed by the interaction of a community of organisms with their physical environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| CO2+H2O --> sunlight --> O2+carbs |
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Term
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Definition
| net photosynthesis for a plant community |
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Term
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Definition
| dry weight of organic matter |
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Term
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Definition
| non-living components of an ecosystem (light, temperature, water, climate) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| increasing altitude from sea level (from tropical rainforest to ice and snow) |
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Term
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Definition
| increasing latitude from the equator (from tropical rainforest to ice and snow) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-Africa and South America.
-xerophytic and broad-leaved deciduous trees.
-large grazing mammals and their predators.
-tropical wet-dry, monsoon and trade-wind coastal. |
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Term
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Definition
-mid-latitude regions
-tall-grass prairies, steppe (short-grass prairies)
-buffalo (endangered), rodents, rabbits
-dry-midlatitude and moist continental |
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Term
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Definition
-North & South America
-sparse xerophytic shrubs
-herbivores, rats, rabbits, mice, reptiles
-Tropical desert, Dry subtropical, dry midlatitude |
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Term
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Definition
-north pole
-low herbs, grasses, mosses
-caribou, deer, oxen, foxes, bears
-tundra climate |
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Term
| tropical & monsoon forest |
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Definition
-near and below equator
-deciduous forest
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Term
| midlatitude deciduous forest |
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Definition
-eastern North America and Western Europe
-broadleaf trees
-moist continental |
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Term
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Definition
-Canada, northern North Amercia
-broadleaf deciduous forest
-deer, moose, elk, wolves
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Term
| sclerophyll forest & scrub |
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Definition
-North & South America, Europe, Africa, Australia
-low trees, thick leaves
-Mediterranean climate |
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