Term
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Definition
| Piece of DNA that codes for a protein (heritable factor that contains a specific characteristic) |
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Definition
| specific form of a gene (one from mom, one from dad) |
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Definition
| entire genetic info of an organism |
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Definition
| random rare change in genetic material |
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| what causes gene mutation |
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Definition
| nitrogen base deletion, addition, substitution |
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Term
| in sickle cell anemia, _ _ _ becomes _ _ _ |
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Definition
| GAG (glutamic acid) becomes GUG (valine) |
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Term
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Definition
| representation of a pair of alleles possesed by an organism |
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Definition
| physical charecteristics (blue eyes) |
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Definition
| particular position on homologous (same) chromosome of a gene |
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Term
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Definition
| Testing a suspected heterozygote plant or animal by crossing it with a known homozygous recessive |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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| number of individual chromosomes and pairs |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| the _ chromosome is slightly larger than the _ chromosome |
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Definition
| the X chromosome is slightly larger than the Y chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
: Photographs of the chromosomes found in a cell, arranged by size and shape
1. Cells are stained and prepared in microscope slides
2. Photographs are taken
3. Images are cut out and separated, manually or via computer
4. Arranged in pairs by size and position of centromeres (center) |
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Term
| prior to karyotyping ______ or _______________ are used to obtain fetus cells for pre-natal diagnosis of __________ abnormalities |
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Definition
CVS (chorionic villis sampling)
amniocentesis
chromosomal |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypodermic needle used to extract some amniotic fluid around the developing fetus which leads to using the cells for karyotype |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue samples are obtained from the placenta’s fingerlike projections into the uterine wall |
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Term
| in down's syndrome, the disorder is on chromosome pair _____, giving it the other name ___________ |
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Definition
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Term
| PCR (polymerase chain rxn) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| use of DNA to reveal owner's identity |
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Term
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Definition
| mapping dna nitrogen bases |
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Term
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Definition
cutting and pasting genes to make raw
organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| duplicating cells and animals |
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Term
| Outline the steps of polymerase chain reaction to copy and amplify minute quantities of DNA |
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Definition
1. start with small quantity of DNA
2. thermocycler copies all nucleic acids in the sample to make millions of copies of DNA
3. solves the problem using gel electrophoresis |
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Term
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Definition
DNA fragments are placed into small wells in the gel
gel is exposed to an electric current (positive on one side, negative on the other)
smallest and most charged particles move faster and farther than the lesser charged and heavier ones) |
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