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| condition when an organism gains or loses one or more chromosome but not a complete haploid set |
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| classis Hershey and Chase (1952) experiment, which offered evidence in support of DNA being the genetic material, made use of which radioactively labeled components |
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| Griffith's transforming element was DNA |
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| major conclusion from the Hershey-Chase experiment |
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| cultivated american cotton is thought to have arisen from what type of event |
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| the salivary glands of the larva of waterstriders often contain cells with thousands of chromosomes. this condition is termed what |
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| metacentric chromosome are frequently formed from two acrocentric chromosomes by the process called |
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| in two-point mapping, the presence of both dominant alleles on one homolog is termed what |
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| crossing over is inhibited in male fruit flies |
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| in chromosome location studies with fruit flies, females are normally selected as the heterozygous parent because |
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| a male human with 47 chromosomes and a Barr body likely exhibits Klinefelter's Syndrome |
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| the most common form of Down's Syndrome is caused by a trisomy of the 21st chromosome pair |
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| fragile X syndrome is more common in male humans because they are the heterogametic gender |
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| false (deletion instead of duplication) |
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| cri-du-chat syndrome is associated with a duplication on the short arm of human Chromsome 5 |
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| false (trisomy instead of monosomy) |
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| in humans, autosomal monosomy is the most common type of chromosome aberration |
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| assume that an organism has a diploid number of 12. the term applied to an individual with 24 chromosomes would be tetraploid |
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| a fruit fly with 8 chromosomes would be a diploid |
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| some common varieties of commercial bananas exhibit autopolyploidy |
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| Lionel Penrose was among the first scientists to demonstrate that chromosome aberrations increase with maternal age - the maternal age effect |
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| in deoxyribose the 2' C has what attached to it |
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| adenine and guanine are both what |
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| phosphodiester bonds connect nucleotides at the what |
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| Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty |
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| who used enzymes (DNase, RNase, Protenase) to demonstrate that DNA was the causal agent in the Transforming Principle |
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| research by who provided the first strong evidence that the Tetranucleotide Hypothesis of DNA structure was not correct |
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| a major breakthrough by Watson and Crick that led to their final model of DNA was the realization that the complementary strands are what |
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| using the rules established in the Watson-Crick model, a dsDNA fragment that contains 600 base pairs would be approximately how long |
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| a fragment of dsDNA that is 5000 base pairs long would exhibit approximately how many complete turns of the helix |
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| in double stranded DNA, the percentage of (T+C) ___________ the percentage of (A+G) |
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| if the amount of A found in a segment of dsDNA equals 30%, the the amount of C should equal what percent |
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| in humans, a monosomy of the 13th chromosome (Patau's Syndrome) results in a set of severe Multiple Congenital Anomalies |
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| crossover occurring during meiosis in a tetrad that contains a paracentric inversion can produce both dicentric and acentric chromatids |
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| a terminal deletion associated with a region of trinucleotide repeats (CGG) on the X-chromosome of human is thought to be one cause of Fragile X Syndrome |
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| a somatic cell from a male house cat with tortoiseshell coat color would most likely exhibit monosomy |
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| both intercalary deletions and duplications can arise from unequal crossing over |
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| individuals with Turner's syndrome are tall males with 2N=47 |
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| DNAse (deoxyribonuclease) selectively digests DNA |
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| a section of dsDNA is found to contain 21% T which means that it also contains 29% G |
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| uracil in concentrations as high as 41% are commonly found in DNA of organisms living at great ocean depths |
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| x-ray diffraction analysis was used by Rosalind Franklin to study the structure of DNA |
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| Under the Watson/Crick model, one complete turn of the helix is 34 A (3.4 nm) |
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| bacteriophages consist of a protein coat surrounding a core of DNA |
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| if a DNA molecule consists of 1,000 base pairs, how long is it |
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| Turner's syndrome is an example of what where the gender of the person is what |
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| Familial Down's accounts for about 5% of Down's cases. it results from what |
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| vertebrate livers / water striders |
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| endopolyploidy is a condition found in what and what |
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| a human that was monosomy of the 14th chromosome and tetrasomy of the X would have have how many total chromosomes |
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| combination of 2 haploid sets from 2 or more species |
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| organism gains or loses one or more chromosome but not a complete haploid set |
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| salivary glands of water striders; cells with thousands of chromosomes; polyploidy with normal 2N (diploid organism); vertebrate liver cells 2N, 4N, 8N, 16N (so it can self-replicate) |
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| salivary glands of water striders; cells with thousands of chromosomes; polyploidy with normal 2N (diploid organism); vertebrate liver cells 2N, 4N, 8N, 16N (so it can self-replicate) |
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| both chromosome arms are about the same length |
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| centromere is near one end, producing a long arm and a knot or satellite on the other end |
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| 2 or more wild type genes are on one chromosome and their mutant alleles are on the homologous chromosome |
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| failure of homologous chromosome or sister chromatids to separate in meiosis or mitosis |
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| movement of a chromosome segment to a nonhomologous chromosome or to a region within the same chromosome |
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| all sets of chromosomes of a polyploid individual possessing more than 2 haploid sets are derived from 1 species; duplication of the same genome |
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| what bonds hold paired bases together in dsDNA |
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| in DNA, linkage between the 5' carbon to the next 3' carbon involves what bonds |
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| the double helix is how wide |
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| ribose consists of a what number carbon ring |
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| chain termination sequencing relies on a special nucleotide that is what |
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| variation by mutation, replication, stores info, passed on from one generation to the next |
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| what are the four major characteristics that would be required for a molecule to serve as the "genetic material" |
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| a somatic cell of a human female with Turner's syndrome exhibits how many Barr bodies |
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| individuals with Klinefelter's syndrome are males with how many sex chromosomes |
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| meiotic non-dysjunction most frequently occurs during Meiosis 1. what is not separating properly |
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| what is not separating properly during mitotic non-dysjunction |
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| dicentric chromatids are one common outcome of crossover in what kind of loop |
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| the alignment of chromosomes by size and shape is called what |
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