Term
| Who is the father of modern genetics? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are dominant alleles indicated? |
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Definition
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Term
| How are recessive alleles indicated? |
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Definition
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Term
| Can a trait have more than 2 alleles? |
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Definition
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Term
| What organism did Mendel use to study genetics? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why did Mendel use pea plants to study genetics? |
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Definition
| small, easy to grow, short growing cycle, many offspring, many offspring, 2 distinguishable forms of each trait. |
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Term
| What is self-pollination? |
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Definition
| A flower does not open completely and it pollinates itself. One plant can produce offspring. |
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Term
| What is cross pollination? |
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Definition
| the transfer of pollen from a flower on one plant to the flower on a different plant. |
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Term
| What does homozygous mean? |
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Definition
| Both alleles for the train are the same. Example: TT or tt |
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Term
| What does heterozygous mean? |
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Definition
| Both alleles for a trait are different. Example: Tt or Gg |
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Term
| How many traits are observed in a monohybrid cross? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many traits are observed in a dihybrid cross? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is incomplete dominance? |
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Definition
| both alleles affect the outcome. Red + white gives pink. Incomplete=in between |
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Term
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Definition
| Both traits are seen. Red and white hair in Roan animals. Red and white flowers on the same plant. |
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Term
| What does the genotype of an organism show? |
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Definition
| The actual alleles for the trait. |
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Term
| What does the phenotype of an organism show? |
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Definition
| The physical or observed characteristics of the organism. |
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Term
| What human trait has multiple alleles? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Any changes in the DNA of an organism. |
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Term
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Definition
| radiation, such as X-ray, gamma rays, UV. Chemicals. Copying errors. |
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Term
| What are sex-linked traits? |
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Definition
| Traits that are carried on the X chromosome. |
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Term
| What are examples of sex-linked traits? |
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Definition
| color blindness, hemophilia, some forms of baldness. |
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Term
| Will a male or female be most likely to show a sex-linked disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why do males usually show sex-linked disorders? |
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Definition
| Males are most likely to show because they have only one X. If the X has an “error” there is not another X to cover it up. |
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Term
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Definition
| all of the offspring of would display only one form of a particular trait. |
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Term
| What is the law of segregation? |
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Definition
| The members of each pair of alleles separate when gametes are formed. |
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Term
| What is the law of independent assortment? |
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Definition
| pairs of alleles separate independently of one another during gamete formation. |
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Term
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Definition
| The likelihood that a specific event will occur. |
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Term
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Definition
| A diagram used to predict the probable outcome of a cross. |
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Term
| What is continuous variation? |
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Definition
| Several genes influence a trait so it is difficlult to predict the exact phenotype. |
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Term
| What traits exhibit continuous variation? |
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Definition
| height, hair color, skin color, eye color, weight |
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Term
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Definition
| A diagram used to show a particular trait in a family. |
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Term
| In a pedigree, what are the symbols for males? females? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is a marriage line shown in a pedigree? |
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Definition
| a horizontal line connecting a square and a circle. |
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Term
| In a pedigree, how is a homozygous reccessive person denoted? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is it hard to study human genetics? |
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Definition
| few offspring, long reproductive cycle, cannot control breeding, many traits |
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