Term
| What are 3 types of chromosomal rearrangements? |
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Definition
| Duplication, Deletion, relocation(translocation and inversion) |
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Term
| What are the 3 types of duplication |
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Definition
tandem A B *C D E F G E F G
displaced A B *C D E F G A B
reverse A B B A *C D E F G |
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Term
| What are the 2 types of inverstion |
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Definition
pericentric A D*C B E F G
paracentric A B *C F E D G |
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Term
| What are 2 types of translocation? |
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Definition
reciprocal: same homologous size
nonreciprocal: not the same |
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Term
| Robertsonian translocation |
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Definition
| fusion between non-homologous chromosomes at their centromeres |
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Term
| Results of Crossing Over within a Paracentric Inversion |
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Definition
Dicentric chromatid
Acentric chromatid |
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Term
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Definition
Aneuploidy: change in the number of individual chromosomes
Polyploidy: full set of extra chromosomes |
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Term
| Reciprocal Translocation chromosome separation |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Nullisomy (monosomy), Trisomy, tetrasomy |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of both members of a homologous pair (2n - 2) |
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Term
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Definition
| Loss of one member of a homologous pair (2n – 1) |
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Term
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Definition
| Gain of a single chromosome (2n + 1) |
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Term
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Definition
| Gain of a pair of homologous chromosomes (2n + 2 |
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Term
| Which is the only viable monosomy? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chromosome duplication within a species |
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Term
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Definition
| hybridization of two species |
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Term
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Definition
| set of genes in the population |
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Term
| How to find the frequency of allele |
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Definition
| number of that allele/ total |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what are the assumptions for Hardy-Weinburg equation |
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Definition
| large population, no migration, no mutation, random mating, no natural selection |
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Term
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Definition
| Finding whether they are independently assorted |
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Term
| what does 50% recombination |
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Definition
Will occur between two Unlinked genes by independent assortment
Can occur between two Linked genes that are far apart |
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Term
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Definition
| # recombinant progeny/Total # progenyX100 |
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Term
| coupling configuration /cis |
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Definition
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Term
| repulsion/trans configuration |
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Definition
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Term
| interchromosomal recombination |
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Definition
| genes from different chromosome |
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Term
| intrachromosomal recominbation |
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Definition
| genes from same chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| chromosome map calculated by using the genetic phenomenon of recombination |
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Term
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Definition
| calculated by using physical distance along the chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| expected number for linked |
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Definition
| row total x column total / grand total |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 1- coefficient of coincidence |
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Term
| coefficient of coincidence |
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Definition
| observed DCO/expected DCO |
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Term
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Definition
| (map unit)(map unit)/ total numbers |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| somatic-cell hybridization |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Hardy-Weinburg assumptions |
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Definition
| large population, no migration, no mutation, no natural selection, random mating |
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Term
| equation of Hardy-Weinburg |
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Definition
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Term
| 2 types of non-random mating |
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Definition
| positive assortative mating and negative assortative mating |
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Term
| Positive assortative mating |
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Definition
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Term
| Positive assortative mating |
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Definition
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Term
| Negative assortative mating |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Causes deviations in the HW-equilibrium specifically the heterozygotes decrease and can eventually disappear. |
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Term
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Definition
| specific avoidance of inbreeding. |
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Term
| Inbreeding Coefficient(F) |
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Definition
Ranges from 0 to 1
0 is random mating, 1 is self fertilization |
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Term
| inbreeding and its change in allele |
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Definition
The heterozygotes decrease by 2Fpq
Homozygotes increase by Fpq |
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Term
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Definition
| The increased appearance of lethal and deleterious traits due to inbreeding |
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Term
| Migration and its effects |
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Definition
Prevents populations from becoming genetically isolated from each other.
Increases genetic variation within populations |
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Term
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Definition
| changes in allelic frequency |
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Term
| genetic drift and population size |
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Definition
When populations are LARGE genetic drift is reduced.
When populations are SMALL genetic drift is increased. |
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Term
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Definition
| Natural selection. the relative reproductive success of the genotype and ranges from 0 to 1. |
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Term
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Definition
| Take the average number of offspring produced by a genotype and divide it by the average number of offspring produced by the most prolific genotype |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional Selection against recessive A2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional Selection against dominant A1 |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional Selection against incompletely dominant A2 |
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Term
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Definition
Directional Selection against incompletely dominant A1
W11 < W12 > W22 Overdominance |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what's the other name for overdominance? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| will not result in changes in allelic frequency unless another factor contributes. Then alleles tend towards fixation. |
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Term
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Definition
| % individuals with the genotype that show the phenotype |
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Term
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Definition
| variation of the intensity of a phenotype |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Can Environment affect the expression of an allele |
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Definition
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Term
| Multiple alleles/ allelic series |
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Definition
hierarchy of dominance!
MR > M > md |
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Term
| sex-influenced characteristics |
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Definition
| autosomal genes that are expressed differently in males and females |
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Term
| sex-limited characteristic |
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Definition
| an extreme form of sex-influenced inheritance. expressed in only one sex. |
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Term
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Definition
| In polygenic traits, the expression of one gene hides the expression of another gene |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Dominant allele is an INHIBITOR |
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