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genetics
genetics
32
Science
8th Grade
04/18/2013

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Cards

Term
Who is the father of genetics who did thousands of experiments with pea plants to study inherited traits?
Definition
Gregor Mendel
Term
What is the study of how traits are passed from parent to offspring?
Definition
genetics
Term
Traits which can be passed from child to offspring are said to be _____.
Definition
hereditary
Term
A characteristic that may be passed to children are called ____.
Definition
traits
Term
What is the information of life found in the nucleus of every cell of the body?
Definition
DNA
Term
Sections of DNA which controls a section of the body are ___.
Definition
genes
Term
Genes are located on your ____ in the nucleus.
Definition
chromosomes
Term
A person has _____ pairs of chromosomes or a total of _____ chromosomes in every cell's nucleus.
Definition

23 pairs

46 total

Term
DNA is in the shape of a ____.
Definition

twisted ladder

double helix

Term
Who are the two scientists who discovered the shape of DNA?
Definition
Watson and Crick
Term
What are the four nitrogen bases of DNA?
Definition

guanine

cytosine

adenine

thymine

Term

In DNA, cytosine is paired with _____.

 

Definition
guanine
Term
In DNA, guanine is paired with ____.
Definition
cytosine
Term
In DNA, adenine is paired with _____.
Definition
thymine
Term

In DNA, thymine is paired with _____.

 

Definition
adenine
Term
Another word for genes are _____.
Definition
alleles
Term
How many genes does a person receive from their parents to determine a trait?
Definition
one from each parent for a total of two(for most traits, not all)
Term
What are the two genes that determine a trait called?
Definition
genotype
Term
What is the physical trait of an organism which is determined by the genotype?
Definition
phenotype
Term
What are strong genes which hide weak genes?
Definition
dominant
Term
What do we use to represent dominant genes in genetics?
Definition
capital letters
Term
What are weak genes which are hidden by stronger ones?
Definition
recessive genes
Term
What do we use to represent recessive genes?
Definition
lowercase letters
Term
If the two genes which make up an organism's genotype are different from each other, the genotype is _______.
Definition
heterozygous
Term
If the two genes which make up the genotype of an organism are the same, the genotype is _____.
Definition
homozygous
Term
If the genotype of an organism is heterozygous, which gene will determine the phenotype?
Definition
dominant gene
Term
If the body shows both genes of the genotype in its phenotype it is because both genes are dominant. This shows the law of _____.
Definition
law of codominance
Term
If the phenotype doesn't express either gene in the genotype, it is because both genes are recessive and the offspring will have a mixed phenotype. This shows the law of _____.
Definition
incomplete dominance
Term
What is the diagram which shows all the possible gentoypes children can receive from their parents?
Definition
Punnett square
Term
Another name for homozygous is _____.
Definition
purebred
Term
Another name for heterozygous is _____.
Definition

hybrid

mixed

Term
DNA
Definition
What is this diagram?[image]
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