Term
| Individuals of different species may have similar phenotypes is an example of genetic variation? |
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Definition
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Term
| examples of genetic variation |
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Definition
-new mutations can occur during meiosis
-different species have different numbers of chromosomes
-different individuals within a species have different phenotypes |
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Term
| heat-killed bacteria is useful in vaccine because? |
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Definition
| -molecules from the cell surface are still intact & can provide an immune response |
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Term
| key difference between rough & smooth S. pneumoniae? |
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Definition
| -smooth bacteria were able to synthesiza a polysaccharide capsule |
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Term
| ____ strain passed genetic info to _____ strain |
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Definition
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Term
| DNase treatment relevant because? |
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Definition
| allowed demonstration that removal of DNA prevents transformation |
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Term
| true of Griffith's type IIR strain? |
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Definition
-cannot make polysaccharide capsule
-must be competent to pick up DNA from environment
-does not contain mutation that allows synthesis of type III capsule |
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Term
| key characteristic of T2 bacteriophage that allowed it to be used in genetic material studies? |
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Definition
| it injects genetic material into a bacterial cell |
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Term
| key components of DNA nucleotide? |
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Definition
nitrogenous base
deoxyribose sugar
phosphate group |
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Term
| difference between purines & pyrimidines? |
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Definition
purines=double ring backbone
pyrimidines= single |
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Term
| what type of bond connects nucleotides? |
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Definition
| phosphodiester & Hydrogen |
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Term
| evidence that triplex may exist in vivo? |
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Definition
| triplex DNA recognized by certain proteins present in cells |
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Term
| functional role of 3-D structure of DNA? |
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Definition
| -very long molecules of DNA can be packed into a small space |
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Term
| In studying a virus, you find the following proportions of nitrogenous bases present: adenine 23%, guanine 31%, cytosine 23%, unexpected base 17%. What statement(s) can you make about this virus? |
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Definition
1. It probably uses RNA as its genetic material.
2. The genetic material of this virus is probably single stranded. |
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Term
| Genetic material must be able to contain an infinite amount of info. |
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Definition
| True, genetic material must be able to direct the correct proteins for all known organisns |
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Term
| genetic material for T2 bacteriophage demonstrated by Hershey & Chase? |
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Definition
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Term
| T2 bacteriophage rely on the lytic life cycle to generate an ongoing infection |
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Definition
| Ture, phage which use the lysogenic life cycle are not able to maintain and ongoing infection & do not generate plaques |
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Term
| nucleoside vs. nucleotide |
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Definition
nucleoside: N base and sugar
nucleotide: N base, sugar, & up to 3 phosphate groups |
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Term
| H bonding holds the 2 strands of the double helix together but nucleotides within a strand are held together by? |
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Definition
| covalent phosphodiester linkages |
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Term
| B DNA is the only biologically relevant form of DNA? |
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Definition
| False, Z DNA may also play roles in key cellular processes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Chargaffs Rule: if DNA has 20% A, how much G? |
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Definition
A:20, T: 20 ->40
100-40=60
60/2=30
G=30, C=30 |
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Term
| bases necessary to complete one twist of DNA helix? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| -left-handed DNA molecule |
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Term
| A purine on one strand of DNA is always paired with pyrimidine on other strand |
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Definition
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