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Genetics
Test 2 Set 5
18
Other
Graduate
02/12/2009

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Term
allelic frequencies
Definition
Proportions of particular alleles at a locus for a population
Term
genotypic frequencies
Definition
Proportions of particular genotypes for a population
Term
Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Definition
Under certain conditions gene frequencies at a locus do not change from generation to generation
Term
2pq
Definition
Carriers occur at a frequency of ??
Term
p^2 + 2pq
Definition
what is the equation used to calculate female unaffected allelic genotypic frequencies
Term
stratification
Definition
A population has subdivisions that do not interbreed
Groups are reproductively separated
Causes may be racial, religious or cultural
Term
positive assorting mating
Definition
Individuals chose mates that have particular traits that are the same
Term
negative assortive mating
Definition
All non random mating except ____ ____ ____ increase the frequency of autosomal recessive disease because they increase the likelihood that carriers of recessive alleles mate.
Term
absolute fitness
Definition
is the number of progeny surviving to reproduce
Term
relative fitness
Definition
compares the individual’s fitness with the best fitness observed in the population
Term
Acrodysostosis
Definition
give an example of the following scenario: Selection is most effective for dominant lethal alleles
These alleles control traits that result in death
Extremely rare in human populations
Term
males
Definition
X-linked deleterious alleles are lost more frequently from
Term
higher fitness
Definition
why does a heterozygote recessive allele get maintained at a higher frequency than expected than either homozygote
Term
cystic fibrosis
Definition
Heterozygotes have lower rates of infection with the typhoid bacterium.
what disease is this referred to?
Term
genetic drift
Definition
Through random events, some individuals fail to reproduce and pass on their genes
Effect is greatest in small populations
Can be thought of as sampling error
Term
founder events
Definition
A newly isolated population may not be representative of the population from which they originate
Term
bottle neck effects
Definition
Where a single catastrophic event may leave an unrepresentative sample of the population surviving.
Term
gene flow
Definition
Movement of genes from one population to another
Migrating individuals must be of breeding age and mate within the new population.
Can introduce new alleles
Can prevent two populations from diverging.
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