Term
| What genetic discipline uses statistical tools to study the interaction of multiple genes and the transmission of complex traits? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Given that the cat has a diploid chromosome number of 38 and a rabbit has a diploid number of 44, what would be the expected chromosome number in the somatic tissues of the alleged hybrid? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The three alleles involved for gremlin coat color are: c(B) (brown color; C(a) (white color); and c (str) (brown and white stripes). For the locus, c(B) is dominant to both c(a) and c(str), and c(str) is dominant to c(a). In a cross between a c(B/str) male gremlin and a c(B/a) female gremlin, what percentage of the offspring will have brown and white stripes? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How would one describe the situation in which there are several different forms of a given gene? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In a cross involving a genetic locus with an allele for red color and one for white, the progeny all show a pink phenotype. What phenomenon is demonstrated? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term for autosomal traits that appear in both sexes but differ either in phenotype or frequency? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hemizygosity is associated with which of the following? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Two heterozygotes for a particular locus are crossed, and the observed phenotypic ratio of dominant to recessive in the offspring is 2:1. What is the most likely explanation? |
|
Definition
| The gene has a recessive lethal allele. |
|
|
Term
| In a particular population carrying a dominant mutant allele, only 70% of the people carrying the allele show the phenotype, and only a small percentage of those showing the phenotype display the most severe symptoms. What is the most likely explanation? |
|
Definition
| variable expressivity and incomplete penetrance |
|
|
Term
| What is the most likely cause of an XX male? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Linkage is an exception to which of Mendel's basic postulates? |
|
Definition
| the rule of independent assortment |
|
|
Term
| Point coloration, as seen in Himalayan rabbits and Siamese cats, is an example of which of the following phenomena? |
|
Definition
| a temperature-sensitive conditional allele |
|
|
Term
| A certain type of congenital deafness is caused by a rare autosomal recessive gene. A man and a woman, both with normal hearing, have a son with this type of deafness. Even though they are carriers of this recessive allele, they decide to have another child. What is the chance that their second child will also be deaf? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A certain type of congenital deafness is caused by a rare autosomal recessive gene. A man and a woman, both with normal hearing, have a son with this type of deafness. Even though they are carriers of this recessive allele, they decide to have another child. What is the chance that their next child will be a deaf girl? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A man with the A blood type marries a woman with blood type B. Their children could have which blood type? |
|
Definition
| any blood (A, B, AB, or O) |
|
|
Term
| A child with type AB blood could not be the offspring of a father with what blood type? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which statistical test is most commonly used to compare observed discrete data to theoretically predicted values? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A young woman has blond hair, blue eyes, and is lactose intolerant. What is being described about the girl? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many different kinds of gametes can be produced by an individual with the genotype AABbCCddEeFf? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term for the situation in which one gene pair can mask the expression of a non-allelic gene pair? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which statement describes the gene that determines whether a human embryo develops as a male or a female? |
|
Definition
| It's carried on the Y chromosome. |
|
|
Term
| What ORF or ORFs would one expect to find in a viral-like retrotransposon? |
|
Definition
| reverse transcriptase and integrase |
|
|
Term
| With respect to chromosome number, which of the following is a reductional division? (mitosis, meiosis I, meiosis II, apoptosis, cytokenesis) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cell resulting from fusion of two gametes |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following chromosomes is an autosome? (chromosome 21, X chromosome, Y chromosome, the mitochondrial chromosome) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of a chromosome is missing |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of a chromosome is present in tandem repeat |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portion of a chromosome is the wrong order |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diploid cell is missing a chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| portions of two chromosomes are exchanged |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diploid cell has an extra genomic set |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| diploid cell has an extra chromosome |
|
|
Term
| What class of gene is most likely to be mutated in the following case? Homozygous males are normal and have normal offspring. Homozygous females are also normal but produce nonviable larvae with no dorsoventral patterning. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What mutation is least likely to induce a frameshift? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which class of mutation cannot be passed on to one's children? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which kind of DNA damage is induced by ultraviolet light? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Enzymes that perform nucleotide excision repair are more likely to remove and replace nucleotides from which strand of the DNA? |
|
Definition
| the strand with less methylation |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following forms of DNA repair does NOT require DNA polymerase? |
|
Definition
| direct DNA repair, as by photolyase |
|
|
Term
| What leads to genetic anticipation? |
|
Definition
| expansion of trinucleotide tandem repeats |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following repetitive sequences encodes the gene for the enzyme reverse transcriptase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which open reading frames (ORFs) are typically found in autonomous simple transposons? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How are the ends of insertion sequence (IS) elements described? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the term for a stretch of baterial DNA including a promoter,one or more opeators, and two or more protein-coding sequences? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the name for the gene coding for the enzyme beta-galactosidase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which molecule selectively binds allolactose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which two posttranscriptional modifications seen in eukaryotes have an effect on the stability of the mRNA? |
|
Definition
| 5' capping and 3' polyA tail deletion |
|
|
Term
| What is the general term for a protein that alters the likelihood of RNA polymerase synthesizing RNA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In eukaryotes, the regulation of protein expression occurs at what level? |
|
Definition
| transcription, post-transcriptional processing, translation, and post-translational modification |
|
|
Term
| Gene regulation in multicellular species is related to which factors? |
|
Definition
| environmental conditions, developmental stage, and cell or tissue type |
|
|
Term
| What term or phrase describes the DNA sequences that bind transcription factors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which model organism has been a favorite subject of study by transmission geneticists for a century and more recently contributed greatly to the understanding of developmental genetic networks? |
|
Definition
| Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) |
|
|
Term
| What is the order of the segmentation gene cascade? |
|
Definition
| gap, pair-rule, segment polarity |
|
|
Term
| an inheritance pattern for certain nuclear genes in which the genotype of the mother directly determines the phenotype of the offspring |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| genes located in chromosomes that are found in the cell nucleus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| an example of matenal effects |
|
Definition
| sinistral vs. dextral shells of the water snail |
|
|
Term
| a pattern in which a modification occurs to a nuclear gene or chromosome that alters gene expression, but is not permanent over the course of many generations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Female mammals equalize the expression of X-linked genes by turning off one of their two X chromosomes. What is this process? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| highly condensed X chromosome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a segment of DNA is marked, and that mark is retained and recognized throughout the life of the organism inheriting the marked DNA |
|
Definition
|
|
