Term
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 3 actions of all organisms regarding genetics? |
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Definition
| all organisms store, copy and transmit info to the next generation |
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Term
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Definition
| the set of instructions to develop, reproduce, and survive in the environment |
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Term
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Definition
| the complete set of genetics instructions for any organism (both coding and non-coding) |
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Term
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Definition
| regions of DNA encoding a piece of info |
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Term
| What are model organisms? |
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Definition
| organisms with characteristics that make them useful for genetic analysis |
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Term
| What are 3 common characteristics of model organisms? |
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Definition
1) short generation time (reproduce quickly)
2) large but manageable number of progeny (allows us to look at variation)
3) adaptable to lab environment (can be housed and propagated inexpensively) |
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Term
| What are the six model organisms and their scientific names? |
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Definition
1) Fruit fly=Drosophila melanogaster
2) Bacterium=Escherichia coli
3) Roundworm=Caenorhabditis elegans
4) Thale cress plant=Arabidopsis thaliana
5) House mouse=Mus musculus
6) Baker's yeast=Saccharomyces cerevisiae |
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Term
| What do gene families arise from primordial genes through? |
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Definition
| duplication and rearrangements |
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Term
| What can duplication and divergence of new genes generate? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the Systems Approach? |
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Definition
| an approach that has been formed by the shift of focus of genetics from analysis of single genes and proteins to entire networks and how the systems integrate with each other |
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Term
| What are the 4 bases that are the nucleotide building block of DNA? |
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Definition
| guanine, adenine, thymine, and cytosine |
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Term
| What does the order of nucleotide sequences determine? |
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Definition
| which proteins are synthesized as well as when and where the synthesis occurs |
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Term
| What are the units of package cells that contain DNA called? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many base pairs does the human genome have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of structure do proteins have? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the order of amino acids determine? |
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Definition
| the type of protein and its structure |
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Term
| What are the 3 divisions of genetics? |
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Definition
1) transmission genetics
2) molecular genetics
3) population genetics |
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Term
| What is the history of genetics? |
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Definition
1) Hindu
2) Greeks
3) Pangenesis
4) Inheritance of acquired characteristics
5) Aristotle
6) Romans
7) R. Hooke
8) Preformation
9) Blending inheritance
10) N. Grew |
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