Term
|
Definition
| Foreign molecules recognized by the immune system. (protein fragments or carbs) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| term for immune system recognizing an antigen as not of itself |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immune system consists of ____ lines of defense |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The First line of defense is: |
|
Definition
| Physical (Skin, Mucous, tears) |
|
|
Term
| The Second line of defense is: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Third line of defense is: |
|
Definition
| Specific Acquired Immunity |
|
|
Term
>Activated by tissue injury or infection, which releases chemical signals generating inflammatory response.
>Production of:
Collectins (coats bacteria)
Cytokines such as
-Interferon (locates virus infected cells)
-interleukins (cause fever)
Complement system supplements inflammatory response
Kills by punching hole in bacteria membranes and dismantling virus envelopes.
Chemically attracts phagocytes to the area.
Binds to microorganism; targets them for destruction. |
|
Definition
| Non-Specific Innate response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Involves B cells that secrete antibodies in order to neutralize, clump, & stimulate the destrucution of pathogens by recognizing & binding specific foreign antigens.
Antibodies are made of Y-shaped polypeptides consisting of constant & variable regions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| macrophages engulf foreign molecules or microorganisms. Parts of the antigen move to the macrophage's outer membrane surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| As a macrophage encounters a helper T cell, the antigen on the macrophage activates the T cell. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Actived T cell stimulates the B cell (which synthesizes antibodies against the antigen) to divide |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Activated B cells divide and form plasma cells (synthesize and secrete antibodies) and B-memory calls (can live for years) |
|
|
Term
The humoral response is polyclonal.
What does POLYCLONAL mean |
|
Definition
| different plasma cells produce antibodies targeted to different parts of the foreign cell's surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cancer cells, virus-infected cells, fungi, organ transplants, etc. |
|
|
Term
Cytotoxic T cells bind to ________.
They release ________. |
|
Definition
Bind to: non-self cells, virus covered cells
Release: PERFORIN which punches holes in the cells. |
|
|
Term
| Helper T cells function to: |
|
Definition
| stimulate B cells and Cytotoxic T cells |
|
|
Term
| Following a cell mediated immune response, what do memory T cells do. |
|
Definition
They stay in the body.
When the antigen is reintroduced, they divide and differentiate into cytotoxic T cells, helper T cells, and additional memory cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Uses antigens from a pathogen to invoke immunity before and individual has been exposed to the pathogen. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ability to respond rapidly to subsequent exposure prevents infection to a degree that would cause disease. |
|
|
Term
| How long have vaccines been around |
|
Definition
| Since the 11th century (china) |
|
|
