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Definition
| An organism that has a gene with two of the same alleles (versions.) |
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| An organism that has a gene with two or more different alleles (versions.) |
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Definition
| The genetic makeup of an organism. |
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| How the genotype (genetic makeup) is expressed in the organism, e.g. blue or brown eyes. |
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| DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) |
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Definition
| A molecule founding all multicellular organisms; it contains genetic information. It is found in every cell's nucleus. |
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| A characteristic that is genetically determined. Traits are the result of the decoding of DNA. |
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| The branch of biology that deals with heredity and genetic variations. |
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| The transfer of genetically controlled characteristics such as hair color or flower color from one generation to the next in living organisms. |
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Definition
| One of two or more alternative forms of a gene, occupying the same position (locus) on paired (homologous) chromosomes and controlling the same inherited characteristic. |
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Definition
| The likelihood that an event will occur, expressed as the ratio of the number of favorable outcomes in the set of outcomes divided by the total number of possible outcomes. |
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Definition
| A single stage in the descent of a family or a group of people, animals, or plants, or the individual members of that stage. |
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Definition
| A piece of genetic information for a specific trait, such as hair color. |
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| A diagram that is used to predict an outcome of a particular cross or breeding. |
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Definition
| The line of ancestors of an individual animal or person, especially a pure-bred animal. |
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Definition
| Reproduction in which there is no fusion of male and female gametes; only one organism's genetic material is used for reproduction. |
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Definition
| Specialized male or female cells with half the normal number of chromosomes; they unite with cells of the opposite sex in the process of sexual reproduction. |
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Definition
| Structures, usually found in pairs in a cell's nucleus, that carry the genes that determine gender and the characteristics an organism inherits from its parents. |
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Definition
| The exchange of genetic material between chromosomes that results in recombinant chromosomes during meiosis. |
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Definition
| Reproduction that involves the union of male and female gametes, each contributing half of the genetic makeup. |
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Definition
| A process of cell division during which the nucleus divides into four nuclei, each of which contains half the usual number of chromosomes. |
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Definition
| A process that produces a genetically identical copy of something, such as a cell or organism. Cloning can occur naturally (such as plants and bacteria reproducing asexually) or artificially (scientists copying cells or genes, for example.) |
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Definition
| An increase within a population, over time, in inherited characteristics that provide an advantage in a given environment. |
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Definition
| When organisms vie for the same resources. |
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Definition
| The survival of organisms with traits that fit best with the environment. Organisms with the best genetic make-up and best adaptions are the ones that are most likely to survive, reproduce, and pass on their genes to the next generation. |
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Definition
| Differences in genomes among members of a species. |
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Definition
| The genetic information that an organism inherits from its parents, specifically the set of chromosomes and the genes they carry. |
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Definition
| A random change in a gene or chromosome resulting in a new trait or characteristic that can be inherited. |
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Definition
| All the organisms of a particular species present in a place. |
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Definition
| The range of organisms present in a particular community or ecosystem. |
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Definition
| A basis biological classification containing individuals that resemble one another and can reproduce together. |
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Definition
| A condition in humans, plants, or animals that results in symptoms and is not the direct result of physical injury |
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Definition
| The transfer of genetic information (in the form of genes) from parents to offspring. |
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Definition
| The passing of traits or the predisposition of traits from parent to offspring. |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of inheritance in which one allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other allele. |
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