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Genetics and Reproduction
flashcards
25
Science
8th Grade
04/04/2012

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Term
Traits
Definition
physical characteristics of organism
Term
Heredity
Definition
the passing of traits from parents to offspring
Term
Genetics
Definition
the scientific study of heredity
Term
genes
Definition
traits are carried on ____x_____
Term
chromosomes
Definition
genes are parts of ____x_____
Term
nucleus
Definition
chromosomes are located in the ____x___ of cells
Term
DNA
Definition
genes make up an organism's ___x___
Term
alleles
Definition
different versions of a gene
Term
Dominant & Recessive
Definition
traits can be ____x____ (observed)(A) or _____x____ (hidden)(a)
Term
hybrid & heterozygous
Definition
organisms with two different alleles for a trait are known as.... (Aa)
Term
purebred & homozygous
Definition
organisms with two of the same alleles for a trait are known as.... (AA) / (aa)
Term
reproduction
Definition
Traits are passed from parent(s) to offspring during the process of ____x____
Term
asexual & sexual
Definition
Organisms reproduce in one or two ways.....
Term
asexual reproduction
Definition
usually occurs in single-celled organisms (prokaryotes), requires only one parent, offspring are genetically identical to the parent
Term
Binary fission
budding
regeneration
Definition
types of asexual reproduction
Term
binary fission
Definition
single-celled parent divides into two offspring
Term
budding
Definition
the growth of an offspring from a bud on the parent's body
Term
regeneration
Definition
the regrowth of a missing part
Term
sexual reproduction
Definition
occurs in multi-cellular organisms (eukaryotes), requires two parents, offspring inherit genetic traits from both parents so they genetically vary from their parents
Term
sperm
Definition
male parents produce sex cells called....
Term
eggs
Definition
female parents produce sex cells called....
Term
chromosomes
Definition
sex cells contain half the ___x____ necessary for life
Term
doubles
Definition
the union of sperm and egg ___x___ the chromosomes number
Term
alleles
gene
traits
Definition
the pairing of ___x___ from male and female chromosomes completes a __x__ and determines the __x__ of the offspring
Term
Punnett Square
Definition
it can be used to show the probability of inheriting traits from parents
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