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| DNA contains information. DNA to RNA to protein= |
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| Each nucleotide has 3 parts- |
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| a sugar, an acid and a base |
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| 4 different bases in a nucleotide |
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| adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine |
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| An enzyme, DNA polymerase, catalyzes in the replication process. |
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| DNA --> to RNA --> to protein |
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| molecules of RNA are produced on the DNA templates in the nuleus. A base sequence in DNA serves as a pattern for assemblin a strand of messenger (m)RNA |
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| RNA molecules shipped from the nucleus to the cytoplasm to be used in polypeptide assembly. A certain type of RNA directs the linkage of one amino acide after another, according to the sequence specified on the mRNA. |
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| In transcription, what do genes do? |
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| a gene provides information for the sysnthesis of mRNA |
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| the linear sequence of nucleotides in RNA determines the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein. |
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| What is the end product of translation? |
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| What is the promary structure of proteins? |
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| Every three basis on an mRNA molecule specifies an amino acid to be included into a growing polypeptide chain. This is called the |
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| How many triplets of a genetic code are there? |
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| How many different amino acids are in our proteins? |
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| linear, unbranched chains of amino acids. |
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1. Mistakes in DNA replication
2. Chemical or physical agents such as radiation or UV light |
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| Mutations that persist in somatic cells... |
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| can cause problems for the individual carrying the mutation but are not passed on to progeny. |
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| the complete genetic material of an entire organism |
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| Maggots are not generated as meat decays, derived from "droppings" of flies. |
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| microorganisms found in boiled mutton broth arise spontaneously from the broth |
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| Microonisms found in broth do not arise spontaneously, enter from the air. |
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| exclusion from microorganisms from boiled broth and not the exclusion of oxygen, prevent growth of microorganisms in boiled broth. |
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| The two strands of the double helix |
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| run in opposite directions. They are complementary. |
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