Term
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Definition
-early vegetative lag
-late vegetative linear
-reproductive lag |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| difference between legumes and grasses in terms of how they interact with the sun |
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Definition
| legumes follow sun, but grasses don't |
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Term
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Definition
| when there's max amount of green material |
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Term
| growth rate vs. digestibility |
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Definition
| something that grows fast is more digestible |
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Term
| manage grazing such that the forage... |
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Definition
| stays in the linear phase |
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Term
| what happens to the forage if you graze it too long? |
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Definition
| you get it in the lag phase, which is not maximum growth rate |
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Term
| animal productivity is primarily a function of... |
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Definition
feed intake
get as much into the animal as possible |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how much animals eat per day compared to body weight |
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Definition
| often 2% their body weight per day |
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Term
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Definition
| animal units per acre over all acres and a period of time |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| animals per acre at any one point in time |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| stocking rate is a function of... |
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Definition
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Term
| why it's possible to cograze animals |
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Definition
| because certain types of animals graze different areas |
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Term
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Definition
| pasture w/ trees thin enough such that there's grass growing between the trees |
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Term
| the unit of production for a grazing based system |
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Definition
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Term
| how you should optimize animal productivity |
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Definition
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Term
| the primary calculations for forage management |
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Definition
-available acres
-paddock size
-number of paddocks |
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Term
| how to calculate available acres |
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Definition
| available acres = (paddock size) x (# of paddocks) |
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Term
| how to calculate paddock size |
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Definition
| paddock size = (animal weight x %DMI x Head x Days in paddock) / (available foragediff x grazing efficiency %) |
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Term
| how to calculate number of paddocks |
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Definition
| (days of rest) / (days in paddock) + 1 |
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Term
| why you don't want your animals drinking water that has algae |
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Definition
| animals are in danger when they drink the algae scum along with water |
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Term
| cattle have greater average daily gain (ADG) when watered from pond or trough? |
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Definition
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Term
| some reasons to avoid pond or creek water when managing cattle |
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Definition
-cattle will drink more from clean sources than from impaired sources
-toxins and pathogens
-ability to manipulate grazing and camping behavior
-improved animal performance |
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Term
| how a frost free though works |
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Definition
| cattle push ball down, drink water, and ball comes back up |
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Term
| some types of troughs that can be used with cattle |
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Definition
-frost-free trough
-concrete trough
-plastic trough
-tire tank
-temporary water
-portable tire tank
-nose troughs |
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Term
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Definition
animal sticks its nose in small trough that's on a center pivot irrigator
animal gets water from separate supply |
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Term
| the type of heat stress we usually have on our cattle in GA |
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Definition
| we usually straddle the line between mild and medium stress |
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Term
| the best shade for cattle |
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Definition
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Term
| some details about trees providing shade for cattle |
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Definition
-evaporative cooling under live trees increases temp differential
-potentially damaging to tree
-adequate shade for the number of animals |
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Term
| some details about providing artificial shade for cattle |
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Definition
-shade cloth is cheap, effective, lightweight, and easy to handle, but prone to wind/weather damage
-avoid having top too close to the ground
-angle roof or shade 15 degrees to max the throw of the shadow
-N:S orientation |
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Term
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Definition
-shading of pasture underneath
-damage to trees
-nutrient accumulation under trees
-soil compaction and/or mud
+consider geotextile material and gravel to protect it as a high use area |
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Term
| the root dieback that happens to grass is especially true for... |
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Definition
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Term
| impact of defoliation on root growth |
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Definition
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Term
| why you might want the height at the end of grazing to be higher |
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Definition
| to optimize the intake of quality forage for vigorous regrowth |
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