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General Skeletal Terminology
Weeks 1-2
60
Anthropology
Undergraduate 3
01/28/2013

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Incisal
Definition
anterior biting edge
Term
Interproximal
Definition
surface between teeth
Term
Occlusal
Definition
chewing surface
Term
Lingual
Definition
inside surface of all teeth
Term
Labial
Definition
anterior surface touching lips
Term
Buccal
Definition
posterior external surface
Term
Mesial
Definition
towards midline of teeth
Term
Distal (teeth)
Definition
away from midline of teeth
Term
Diaphysis
Definition
shaft
Term
Epiphysis
Definition
end of long bone, expanded for articulation
Term
Metaphysis
Definition
flared portion of long bone
Term
Flexion
Definition
bending movement that decreases angle between body parts
Term
Extension
Definition
opposite of flexion - increases angle between body parts
Term
Abduction
Definition
moving body part away from sagittal plane
Term
Adduction
Definition
moving body part towards sagittal plane
Term
Circumduction
Definition
appendage moving in cone shape: combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction- "waving on" motion
Term
Rotation
Definition
body part turning on an axis
Term
Oppositon
Definition
motion in which body parts are brought together
Term
Dorsiflexion
Definition
entire foot away from ground, example: walking on heels of foot
Term
Plantarflexion (volarflexion)
Definition
opposite of dorsiflexion, example: walking on toes
Term
Eversion (pronation)
Definition
turning sole of foot outward so it faces away from midline
Term
Inversion (supination)
Definition
turning sole of foot inward so it faces toward midline
Term
Process
Definition
bony prominence
Term
Eminence
Definition
bony projection, usually not as prominent as a process
Term
Spine
Definition
longer, thinner, sharper process than eminence
Term
Tuberosity
Definition
large, usually roughened eminence of variable shape, often a site of tendon or ligament attachment
Term
Tubercle
Definition
small, usually rugose eminence, often site of tendon or ligament attachment
Term
Malleolus
Definition
rounded protuberance adjacent to ankle joint
Term
Boss
Definition
smooth, round, broad eminence
Term
Articulation
Definition
area where adjacent bones are in contact at a joint
Term
Condyle
Definition
rounded articular process
Term
Epicondyle
Definition
nonarticular projection adjacent to condyle
Term
Head
Definition
large, usually rounded articular end of bone
Term
Neck
Definition
section of bone between head and shaft
Term
Torus
Definition
a bony thickening
Term
Ridge
Definition
linear bony elevation, often roughened
Term
Crest
Definition
prominent, usually sharp and thin ridge of bone, often formed between adjacent muscle masses
Term
Line
Definition
raised linear surface, not as thick as torus or sharp as a crest
Term
Hamulus
Definition
hook-shaped projection
Term
Facet
Definition
small articular surface or tooth contact
Term
Fossa
Definition
depressed area, usually broad and shallow
Term
Fovea
Definition
pit-like, depressed area, usually smaller than a fossa
Term
Groove
Definition
long pit or furrow
Term
Sulcus
Definition
long, wide groove
Term
Fontanelle
Definition
space between cranial bones of an infant
Term
Suture
Definition
where adjacent bones of the skull meet
Term
Foramen
Definition
opening through a bone, usually a passage for blood vessels and nerves
Term
Canal
Definition
tunnel like, extended foramen
Term
Meatus
Definition
short canal
Term
Sinus
Definition
cavity within cranial bone
Term
Alveolus
Definition
tooth socket
Term
Cortical bone
Definition
outer shell of most bones, denser than cancellous bone
Term
Trabecular (cancellous) bone
Definition
occurs at ends of long bone, within vertebrae
highly vascularized
requently contains red bone marrow
Term
Medullary cavity
Definition
central cavity of bone shafts
stores red and/or yellow bone marrow
involved in formation of red and white blood cells
Term
Synarthrosis
Definition
immovable joints
ex. sutures
Term
Synotosis
Definition
a suture when fused
synarthrosis
Term
Gomphosis
Definition
teeth in their sockets
synarthrosis
Term
Synchondrosis
Definition

in growing long bones

synarthrosis

ex. epiphyseal growth plate 

Term
Amphiarthrosis
Definition
semi-moveable joint
bones connected by broad, flat areas of fibrocartilage
ex. vertebrae, pubic symphysis
Term
Diarthrosis
Definition
moveable articulation
synovial joint
synovial fluid, with hyaline cartilage on articular surface
ball and socket
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