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| The experiencing of another person's emotional state by viewing the situation through that person's eyes. |
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| An emotion by which the person feels sad for another person, usually because of his or her own identification with the situation. |
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| The tendency of some individuals to be friendly and open to the world. |
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| The tendency of some individuals to be shy and to focus their attention on themselves. |
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Definition
Unacceptable impulses are pushed back into the subconscious.
Example: A rape victim cannot recall the crime. |
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Definition
A self-justifying explanation is substituted for an unacceptable one.
Example: An athlete who did not win the game says, "It makes you a better player to lose." |
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Definition
Unwanted feelings are attributed to someone else.
Example: A person who has aggressive tendencies accuses others of starting fights. |
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Definition
An anxiety-producing event is not accepted as reality.
A compulsive gambler refuses to believe his behavior is hurting anyone. |
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In order to face stress, an earlier developmental period is sought.
Example: An older sibling starts to suck his thumb when a newborn is brought home. |
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Feelings towards an unacceptable object are shifted onto a more acceptable one.
Example: A father is angry at his boss but cannot yell at him, so he yells at his children when he comes home. |
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Definition
An unacceptable impulse is replaced by a more acceptable impulse.
Example: An aggressive person becomes a boxer. |
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Definition
An unacceptable motive is changed to the exact opposite.
Example: A person who fears his violent behavior becomes a religious zealot. |
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Definition
| A mental disorder or disturb ace of thought or emotion. |
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Term
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Definition
| Psychological disorders that involve excessive levels of negative emotions such as nervousness, tension, worry, fright, and anxiety. |
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Definition
| emotional state characterized by feelings of sadness, lack of energy, and feelings of hopelessness. |
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Definition
| a common form of depression in which depressive feelings occur at the same time each year, most commonly in the winter |
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Definition
| intense, irrational fears of specific objects or situations |
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Definition
| a pattern of anxiety in which long periods of calm are broken by an intensely uncomfortable attack of anxiety |
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Term
| obsessive-compulsive disorders |
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Definition
| disorders that involve obsessions (anxiety-provoking thoughts that will not go away) and compulsions (irresistible urges to engage in repeated behaviors. |
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Definition
| disorders that involve the apparent, abrupt, and repeated shifting form one "personality" to another. |
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| psychological disorders that are believed to result from personalities that developed improperly during childhood. |
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| disorders in which the individual experiences symptoms of health problems that have psychological rather than physical causes. |
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Definition
| a disorder in which people have a constant fear of illness and a preoccupation with their health |
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Definition
| a major somatoform disorder that involves an actual physical disturnbance, such as the inability to use a sensory organ or the complete or partial inability to more an arm or a leg |
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| a psychological disorder involving cognitive disturbances (delusions/hallucinations), disorganization, and reduces enjoyment and interests |
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| an extended sate of intense elation |
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Definition
| a disorder in which a person alternates between periods of euphoric feelings and mania and periods of depression |
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| attention deficit disorder |
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Definition
| a disorder primarily affecting children and adolescents, characterized by the inability to focus attention, leading to behavior problems and learning disabilities |
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Term
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Definition
| a mental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and an abnormal absorption in fantasy, accompanied by delusions, hallucinations, and the inability to communicate verbally or otherwise relate to people |
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Definition
major events in one's personal life.
Examples: death of a spouse, losing one's job, moving, abuse |
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Definition
Daily annoyances.
Examples: waiting in line, irritations at work, traffic jams |
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Definition
Events that happen suddenly and affect many people, simultaneously causing strong stressors for all.
Examples: terrorist attack, earthquake, tornado. |
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Definition
| misuse, improper use or excessive use of a substance |
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Term
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Definition
| addiction to a substance, can be psychological or physical |
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Term
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Definition
| physical symptoms or psychological cravings that occur when an addicted person tries to stop using the substance |
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